【正文】 處理或焊接后如果冷卻速度過慢，在晶界上會產(chǎn)生碳化物，成為晶間腐蝕的原因。鋼中的碳有活性隨鎳含量的增加而增加，隨鉻含量的增加而減少。也就是說鎳的增加使碳的固溶量減少，鉻的增加使碳的固溶量增加。另外在晶界還析出鉻碳化物，合金添加元素有時也生成相應的碳化物。37致謝 通過這一階段的努力，我的畢業(yè)論文《奧氏體不銹鋼的焊接》終于完成了，這意味著大學生活即將結束。在大學階段，我在學習上和思想上都受益非淺，這除了自身的努力外，與各位老師、同學和朋友的關心、支持和鼓勵是分不開的。在本論文的寫作過程中，我的指導老師翟愛霞傾注了大量的心血，從選題到開題報告，從寫作提綱，到一遍又一遍地指出每稿中的具體問題，嚴格把關，循循善誘，在此我表示衷心感謝。同時我還要感謝在我學習期間給我極大關心和支持的各位老師以及關心我的同學和朋友。同時也感謝我的所有老師三年來對我學習、生活得關心和幫助。 最后，向我的父親母親致謝，感謝他們對我的養(yǎng)育之恩。參考文獻[1]《不銹鋼的焊接》丁啟湛、丁成鋼、史春園編.[M].北京:機械工業(yè)出版社[2]《合金結構鋼及不銹鋼的焊接》李亞江等編著.[M].北京：化學工業(yè)出版社，2012年11月[3]《金屬材料焊接工藝》李榮雪主編.[M].機械工業(yè)出版社，2008年1月[4]《金屬材料學》伍玉嬌主編.[M]. 北京：北京大學出版社，2011年8月[5]《.熔焊原理及金屬材料焊接》英若采主編.[M].北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，2005年5月[6]《焊接工藝設計與實例分析》陳裕川主編.[M]北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，2010年2月[7]《焊接方法與設備》雷世明主編.[M].北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，2007年2月[8]《金相分析技術實驗教程》吳興文主編.[M].武漢：.武漢理工大學出版社，2010年8月英文文獻 Weld robot application present condition First, I explain the background robots, robot technology development. It should be said it is a mon scientific and technological development of a prehensive results, for the socioeconomic development of a significant impact on a science and technology. It attributed the development of all countries in the Second World War to strengthen the economic input on strengthening the country39。s economic development. But they also demand the development of the productive forces the inevitable result of human development itself is the inevitable result then with the development of humanity, people constantly discuss the natural process, in understanding and reconstructing the natural process, people need to be able to liberate a slave. So this is the slave people to be able to replace the plex and engaged in heavy manual labor, People do not realize right up to the world39。s understanding and transformation of this technology as well as people in the development process of an objective need。 Robots are three stages of development, in other words, we are accustomed to regarding robots are divided into three categories. is a firstgeneration robots, also known as teachtype robot, it is through a puter, to control over one of a mechanical degrees of freedom Through teaching and information stored procedures, working hours to read out information, and then issued a directive so the robot can repeat according to the people at that time said the results show this kind of movement again, For example, the car spot welding robots, only to put this spot welding process, after teaching, and it is always a repeat of a work It has the external environment is no perception that the force manipulation of the size of the work piece there does not exist, welding 0S It does not know, then this fact from the first generation robot, it will exist this shorting, it in the 20th century, the late 1970s, people started to study the secondgeneration robot, called Robot with the feeling that This feeling with the robot is similar in function of a certain feeling, for instance, force and touch, slipping, visual, hearing and who is analogous to that with all kinds of feelings, say in a robot grasping objects, In fact, it can be the size of feeling out, it can through visual, to be able to feel and identify its shape, size, color Grasping an egg, it adopted a acumen, aware of its power and the size of the slide. Thirdgeneration robots, we were a robotics ideal pursued by the most advanced stage, called intelligent robots, So long as tell it what to do, not how to tell it to do, it will be able to plete the campaign, thinking and perception of this manmachine munication function and function Well, this current development or relative is in a smart part of the concept and meaning But the real significance of the integrity of this intelligent robot did not actually exist, but as we continued the development of science and technology, the concept of intelligent increasingly rich, it grows ever wider connotations. Now I have a brief account of China39。s robot development of the basic profiles. As our country there are many other factors that problem. Our country in robotics research of the 20th century the late 1970s. At that time, we organized at the national, a Japanese industrial automation products exhibition. In this meeting, there are two products, is a CNC machine tools, an industrial robot, this time, our country39。s many scholars see such a direction, has begun to make a robot research But this time, are basically confined to the theory of phase .Then the real robot research, in 7500 August 5, 1995, 15 nearly 20 years of development, The most rapid development, in 1986 we established a national plan of 863 hightechnology development plan, As robot technology will be an important theme of the development of The state has invested nearly Jiganyi funds begun to make a robot, We made the robot in the field quickly and rapid development. At present, units like the CAS ShenYng Institute of Automation, the original machinery, automation of the Ministry, as of Harbin Industrial University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Qinghua University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, also includes automation of some units, and so on have done a very important study, also made a lot of achievements Meanwhile, in recent years, we end up in college, a lot of flats in robot research, Many graduate students and doctoral candidates are engaged in robotics research, we are more representative national study Industrial robots, underwater robots, space robots, robots in the nuclear industry areon the international level should be taking the lead .On the whole of our country Compared with developed countries, there is still a big gap, primarily manifested in the We in the robot industry, at present there is no fixed maturity product, but in these underwater, space, the nuclear industry, a number of special robots, we have made a lot of achievements characteristics. Now, I would like to briefly outline some of the industrial robot situation. So far, the indus