【正文】 r and bamboo。 plants with rhizomes that grow above ground include some iris species and ferns.Rhizosphere:The belowground area that surrounds the root surface of plants, where root secretions occur and microorganisms consume sugars released by the roots.Saprophages:Also known as detritus feeders. Refers to organism that contributes to deposition, obtaining food by absorbing dissolved organic material.Side dressing:The application of fertilizer or organic matter around a plant, the material being left on the soil surface rather than being dug in. Also known as top dressing.Silviculture:The care and cultivation of forest trees。 forestry.Soil amendment:A material, such as organic matter or sand, mixed into soil to improve growing conditions.Soil biology:The study of the organisms and their activity in soil, this includes bacteria, worms, fungi, and nematodes.Soil food web:A group of plants, soil, organic matter, and organisms that thrive within a system.Soluble:Susceptible to being dissolved in or as if in a liquid and especially water.Spawn:The term used for the bination ofmyceliumandsubstrateis spawn. This can be thought of as the vegetative part of the mushroom.Stolon:A horizontal stem at or just below the surface of the ground that roots at the nodes and produces new plants. Also called runners.Substrate:Any bination of materials that provide support, water retention,aeration, or nutrient retention for plant growth. In this instance,substrateis post into which mushroomspawnis distributed.Sudden Oak Death:A disease infecting oaks and several other ornamental plants that were noticed in recent years in coastal California and a small geographic area of Oregon. TheUnited States Department of Agriculturewebsite provides additional information on Phytophthora ramorum.Textiles:Items made of thread, yarn, fabric, or cloth. This includes clothes, fabric trimmings, draperies, and all natural and synthetic cloth fibers. This does not include cloth covered furniture, mattresses, leather shoes, leather bags, or leather belts.Thatch:A mat of underposed plant material (as grass roots) accumulated next to the soil in a grassy area (as a lawn)Thermophilic:( loving)Heatloving, applied especially to certain bacteria requiring high temperatures for normal development.Tilth:The condition of soil or land that has been tilled, especially with respect to suitability for promoting plant growth.Tire:A pneumatic tire or solid tire manufactured for use on any type of motor vehicle.Trommel:A revolving cylindrical sieve used for screening or sizing post and mulch.Vector Control:Related to rats, insects, birds, and vermin. Methods used to control and reduce the risk of exposure to these pests that may transmit disease pathogens to humans.Vermiposting:The process whereby worms feed on slowly deposing materials (., vegetable scraps) in a controlled environment to produce a nutrientrich soil amendment. Additional terms for the soil amendment are worm castings or worm manure. This material is rich in nutrients and is an excellent soil conditioner. Species typically used for vermiposting include Red Wigglers and European nightcrawlers.Volatile Organic Compound(VOC):Carboncontaining pounds that evaporate into the air (with a few exceptions). VOCs contribute to the formation of smog and/or may themselves be toxic. VOCs often have an odor. Typical liquids that release VOCs include gasoline, diesel fuel, pesticides, cleaning supplies, glues, and solvents used in paints.Watershed:The total land area that contributes water from rain or snowmelt down to a body of water, such as a river, reservoir, wetland, stream, lake, or ocean. Synonymous with drainage area, drainage basin, andcatchment.Woodovers:Also called postovers, these are large, woody parts of the post pile that have not pletely broken down and will not pass through a minus onehalf inchtrommelscreen.Wood waste:Solid waste consisting of wood pieces or particles which are generated from the manufacturing or production of wood products, harvesting, processing, or storage of raw wood materials, or construction and demolition activities.Xeriscaping:The practice of landscaping with slowgrowing, droughttolerant plants to eliminate the need for irrigation and lower the need for water consumption.Yard trimmings:Wastes generated from the maintenance or alteration of public, mercial or residential landscapes including, but not limited to, yard clippings, leaves, tree trimmings, prunings, brush, and weeds.9 / 9