【正文】
買(mǎi)個(gè)人電腦基礎(chǔ)控制器時(shí)多會(huì)傾向供應(yīng)商準(zhǔn)則導(dǎo)向,所以廠商應(yīng)致力提升如售後服務(wù)、交貨準(zhǔn)時(shí)性、廠商聲譽(yù)等三大要項(xiàng)。而在自動(dòng)化的領(lǐng)域中,為適應(yīng)各種不同的生產(chǎn)與應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合,產(chǎn)品的功能都具特殊性與技術(shù)性,所以單賣(mài)產(chǎn)品已不能引起購(gòu)買(mǎi)者的購(gòu)買(mǎi)慾望,需配合全方位的整合方案(total solution),來(lái)搭配產(chǎn)品的銷(xiāo)售,才能收事半功倍之效果。而自動(dòng)化行業(yè)包羅萬(wàn)象,產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)考慮其共通性,以更友善(user friendly)的介面,更通俗的說(shuō)明來(lái)適應(yīng)不同領(lǐng)域的人,讓其能夠充分瞭解產(chǎn)品的用途。 定價(jià)策略根據(jù)本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),價(jià)格在產(chǎn)品評(píng)選指標(biāo)中的佔(zhàn)第二名的位置,原因來(lái)自早期於臺(tái)灣自動(dòng)化設(shè)備都成套由國(guó)外進(jìn)口,因此價(jià)格十分的高昂,以致於降低廠商之競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,所以目前廠商正致力尋找價(jià)格合適之替代產(chǎn)品,而目前的策略就是以本土的價(jià)格,但是進(jìn)口的品質(zhì)來(lái)吸引購(gòu)買(mǎi)者,並在在產(chǎn)品成長(zhǎng)階段,供應(yīng)商還是可以因產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售量增多,產(chǎn)品成本陸續(xù)回收,設(shè)備利用率大幅增加情況,和生產(chǎn)、行銷(xiāo)等各方面較有經(jīng)驗(yàn)後,可以因享有規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)情況,使長(zhǎng)期平均成本呈大幅降低情況下,而利用價(jià)格策略,來(lái)刺激更多購(gòu)者採(cǎi)用該新產(chǎn)品。 通路策略由於自動(dòng)化產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)品差異化大,技術(shù)性高,所以技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移與累積相當(dāng)不容易,若採(cǎi)取傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商方式,將容易因經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商技術(shù)能力不足而導(dǎo)致困難重重,且經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商容易陷入價(jià)格戰(zhàn)的泥沼,而導(dǎo)致惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng),加速產(chǎn)品的衰落,所以應(yīng)縮短通路,直接結(jié)合各行業(yè)之系統(tǒng)整合商,結(jié)合其豐富的產(chǎn)業(yè)知識(shí),才能在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的累積上、技術(shù)的進(jìn)步上與銷(xiāo)量成長(zhǎng)上有所突破。國(guó)內(nèi)因?yàn)槿丝谳^少,僅兩千三百萬(wàn),不足以形成一個(gè)大的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)體,所以出口導(dǎo)向的14 臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)第三十七之一期策略勢(shì)在必行,企業(yè)不僅在於建立國(guó)內(nèi)的行銷(xiāo)通路,同樣也應(yīng)結(jié)合國(guó)外有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的系統(tǒng)整合商逐步開(kāi)拓市場(chǎng)。首先可選擇東南歐、東南亞與中南美洲等開(kāi)發(fā)中國(guó)家,以臺(tái)灣經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)帶動(dòng)產(chǎn)品的拓展。 促銷(xiāo)策略透過(guò)同事與同業(yè)介紹亦是企業(yè)最常用的策略之一,所以廠商應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)建立客戶(hù)檔案和服務(wù)客戶(hù)以利用其關(guān)係網(wǎng),口碑相傳的效果,爭(zhēng)取更多的客戶(hù)。三、後續(xù)研究建議由於本研究探討工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為,因此建議後續(xù)研究可繼續(xù)進(jìn)行以下研究方向:本研究之研究對(duì)象,僅侷限於工業(yè)局核準(zhǔn)之自動(dòng)化服務(wù)廠商,後續(xù)研究者可擴(kuò)大其母體,進(jìn)行較大區(qū)域之研究。本研究以工業(yè)產(chǎn)品購(gòu)買(mǎi)決策過(guò)程作為研究變數(shù),未對(duì)工業(yè)購(gòu)買(mǎi)者行為理論中所有的變數(shù)加以探討,建議後續(xù)研究者,可針對(duì)工業(yè)購(gòu)買(mǎi)者行為模式中尚未探討變數(shù)進(jìn)行研討。本研究實(shí)證僅以個(gè)人電腦基礎(chǔ)控制器為主要研究對(duì)象,建議後續(xù)研究者,可針對(duì)其他行業(yè)進(jìn)一步研究。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] Birou, Laura and Fawcett, “International Purchasing: Benefit, Requirement and Challenges,” International Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, , , 1993, .[2] Caddick, J. R. and B. G. Dale, “Sourcing from Less Developed Countries: A Case Study,” Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, Vol. 23, , 1987, .[3] Carter, Joseph R. and Ram Narasimhan, “Purchasing in the international marketplace Implications for operations,” Journal of Purchasing and Material Management, , 1990, .[4] Cayer, Shirley, “Lowkey but Savvy: How Deere’s Purchasing is Girding for Global Competition,” Purchasing, , 1989, .[5] Cunningham, Malcolm T. and John G. White, “The Determinants of Choice of Supplier,” European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 14, , 1973, pp. 189202.[6] Frear, Carl R., Mary S. Algyire and Lynn E. Metcalf, “Country Segmentation on the Basis of International Purchasing Patterns,” Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1995, . [7] Haknsson, Hakan and Bjoun Wootz, “Supplier Selection in an International Environment: An Experimental Study,” Journal of Marketing Research, , No. 1, 1975, .[8] Hiller, AT. J., A Decision Making in the Industrial Purchasing Process, PhD. Thesis, University of Bradford Management Center, ., 1973.工業(yè)產(chǎn)品購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為之研究:以個(gè)人電腦基礎(chǔ)控制器為例 15[9] Kotler, P., Marketing Management, 11th ed., 2002, Prentice Hall International.[10] Ozanne,U. B. amp。 G. A. Churchill, “Adoption Research: Information Source in Industrial Purchasing Decision,” Proceeding of the Conference of AMA, 1968.[11] Robbins, S., Organizational Behavior: Concepts Controversies Applications, 10thed., 2003, Prentice Hall International.[12] Robinson, Patrick J., Charles W. Fairs amp。 Yoram Wind, Industrial Buying and Creative Marketing, 1967, Boston: Allynamp。 Bacon.[13] Scully, Joseph I. and Stanley E. Fawcett, “International Procurement Strategies: Challenges and Opportunities for the Small Firm,” Production and Inventory Management Journal, , No. 2, 1994, . [14] Sheth, Jagdish N., “A Model of Industrial Buyer Behavior,” Journal of Marketing, , No. 4, 1973, pp. 5056.[15] Webster, Frederick E. and Yoram Wind, “A General Model for Understanding Organi zation Buying Behavior,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 36, , 1972, .16 臺(tái)北科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)第三十七之一期