【正文】 The English Reformation had forced the country into a paratively isolated position in Europe and at home the religious upheavals had taken their toll on the nation’s stability. By the time of her death in 1603, the picture was very different. In many quarters, perhaps in most quarters, Elizabeth in her latter years was a very unpopular ruler.James, it is insisted, may not be Elizabeth’s immediate offspring, but he is her legitimate and inevitable heir, legitimized by a process which is magical and indeed almost holy for the phoenix as a symbol of rebirth was much used by Christian writers。 its reduplication of the image of Christ rising from the grave made it irresistible. James is hymned as the divinelysanctioned heir, the natural and blessed successor to Elizabeth. The rhetoric, the imagery, even the rhythms, all suggests a smooth transition of English power from Elizabeth to James. Nonetheless, Shakespeare and Fletcher’s hymn to the smooth transition from the Tudors to the Stuarts has a kind of truth about it. Another three tragedies of Shakespeare were written during this period.From his works, we can see the shadow of the society. Just in this environment Shakespeare can writes these great works, especially the four great tragedies. Also we can say that time create hero.III. The Revelation of theTragedy WorksShakespeare shows his talent writing skill absolutely in the host disposition portray. But we can not neglect that Shakespeare puts all sorts of disposition weakness in a dangerous environment. Because he knew disposition weakness in peaceful years is only in the life slight defect。 but in the evil environment, disposition weakness then bees the fatal weapon.Hamlet’s disposition flaw is that he can’t put his ideas into actions. The hero Othello is a brave hero. But he trusts others too much. He lost his own observation. From the characters in King Lear, we can see the depth and width of life the work reflects. His biggest weakness is that he can’t distinguish good and wrong. This es from his environment. Macbeth’s tragedy is from his insist ambition. It reflects the bad contribution of the excessive and insisted ambition for people deeply. The true meaning of tragedy is to let people face the suffering of life. This can’t make people pessimistic。 on the other hand, tragedy leads people to learn about the truth of life. So when something very important happens, one can face it and deal it more severely, one can shoulder the burden of life more easily. People can learn more from good tragedy.ConclusionNo wonder that Shakespeare’s works are so fondly cherished by the greatest minds of mankind and among them by Karl Marx, who regarded Shakespeare as one of the “two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known”, the other one is Aeschylus.The most profound theory in the classicalism is about that of human nature, and it presents barely in Shakespeare’s four great tragedies－various tragedies occurred in the lives caused by some character flows without being treating, constantly accumulated oneself and finally lead to the horrible end .Although in Shakespesre’s each tragedy finally all evil will be requited with evil, but all heroes’ weakness is totally unable to resist evil. The effect of each tragedy is inevitable. After reading these, we feel only sad? It’s not the truth. When one has to consider the problem of life or death, it’s time for him to wake. When one’s idealized knowledge to life is crushed before reality, he begins to know the suffering of living, the nonsense of life and the tragedy. Then he starts to face his future. This is a severe question for everyone and an unavoidable question for everyone during growing. I think maybe this is the true meaning of Shakespeare’s tragedy world based on the four great tragedies.AcknowledgementsI would like to take this opportunity to thank my tutor — Peng Xinyue, who offers me academic and constructive advice on posing this paper. His encouragement and help are worthy of high acknowledgement.And I also would like to take this opportunity to thank Ms. Li Liqin, who is my thesis course teacher and gives me some advice on how to write a paper. At the same time, I would like to thank all the leaders and teachers of the School of Foreign Languages and Cultures.Here, I would like to thank library of Panzhihua University for it offers me very useful materials on Civil Service System that helps me with this paper. At last, I give the most heartful thanks to all my teachers, friends and the roommates for their great help. I hope they all get bright future.Bibliography[1] Margreta De Grazia and Stanley Wells. Shakespeare. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 2001.[2] Michael Mangan: 莎士比亞悲劇導(dǎo)讀[M]. 北京：北京大學(xué)出版社, 2005.[3] Stanley Wells. Shakespeare Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1986.[4] 艾弗?埃文斯. 英國文學(xué)簡史[M]. 北京：人民文學(xué)出版社, 1984.[5] 布拉德雷. 莎士比亞評論匯編[M]. 北京：中國社會科學(xué)出版社, 1981.[6] 卞之琳譯. 莎士比亞悲劇四種[M]. 北京：人民文學(xué)出版社，1988. [7] 黃必康. 莎士比亞名篇賞析[M]. 北京：北京大學(xué)出版社, 2005. [8] 陸谷孫. 莎士比亞專輯[M]. 上海：復(fù)旦大學(xué)出版社, 1984. 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