【正文】 人或物，拒絕要求，申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)?jiān)?，忠告，幫助等后接，可表“謝絕”【練習(xí)】選擇refuse 或reject 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?）The Christian Church ________ his theory, saying it was against God’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office. She just _______to stop talking while she works.【答案及解析】 1) rejected 2) refusesⅤ 詞性變化 （旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料）1. scientific adj 科學(xué)的science n 科學(xué)scientist n. 科學(xué)家 vtamp。vi 結(jié)束；推斷出 conclusion n 結(jié)論conclusive adj 決定性的；最后的；確定性的3. absorb ；吸引；使專心absorption ；全神貫注；專心致志absorptive adj 吸收性的；有吸引力的 【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) studies are showing that human beings are not warlike animals.(science) 2) The government should give more money for education. (science)3) Unlike the , the engineer is not free to select the subject which interests him. (science)4）That is the he gave to teenagers: school students should learn something positive or constructive from super girls rather than some superficial make up or hairstyle.(conclude)5) What can be from these observations? (conclude)6) It was not a war that promised a end. (conclude)7) He was so in a book that he did not hear the bell. (absorb)8) When it es to healthy of nutrients, taste matters.. (absorb)【Keys】 1) scientific 2) science 3) scientist 4) conclusion5) concluded 6) conclusive 7) absorbed 8) absorptionVI過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ) （旨在提供語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)所需材料） 過(guò)去分詞的句法功能：1．過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) (Attribute)1) 在句中的位置單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面；過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。Eg:The ground is covered by fallen leaves.These wanted people are from Hong KongThis will be the best novel of its kind ever written.This will be the best novel of its kind that has ever been written.2) 作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換．Who were the socalled guests invited to Jacky Chuang’s concert last month?Who were the socalled guests that had been invited to Jacky Chuang’s concert last month?She is drinking boiled water.She is drinking the water which has been boiled.a broken heart 一顆破碎的心 a heart which is brokena lost dog 喪家之犬 a dog which is lostan organized trip 有組織的旅行 a trip which is organized3) Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning with the partners._________peoplepeople who are terrified__________seatsseats which are reserved__________ waterwater that is polluteda ________ rooma room that is crowdeda __________ winnera winner who is pleased T: What are the words in the right column of the above form used as? 2. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ) (Predicative) 1) 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，多表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 The shop is closed. Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 2) 作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換． There are two glasses which are broken There are two broken glasses The person who feels excited is Ronaldo The excited person is Ronaldo. He looked up with an expression which was pleased. He looked up with a pleased expression 3) Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.________ childrenchildren who look astonisheda ________vasea vase that is brokena _______ doora door that is closeda _______ animalan animal that is trappedthe _____audiencethe audience who feel tired 3. 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別: 1) 定語(yǔ)　放在名詞和代詞的前面或后面　　表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或被動(dòng)的 表語(yǔ)　放在be 動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞的后面　　說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)4. 鞏固練習(xí)：（1）完成句子【設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明】通過(guò)具體的句子讓學(xué)生體會(huì)過(guò)去分詞在其中充當(dāng)?shù)墓δ芎鸵饬x。 Choose appropriate verbs, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence worry interest arrive frighten 　 prepare continue concern① They were to accept my idea. (predicative)② He was of going alone into the empty house. (predicative)③ The mayor said that he was about the rise of the water level in the river bed. (predicative) (attribute)④ Recently soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood. (attribute)⑤ Most of the newspaper seems to be with pop stars. (predicative)⑥ I’ll be to hear what he has to say. (predicative)Keys:①prepared 。predicative ② frightened predicative ③ worried 。 continued predicative 。attribute④ arrived attribute ⑤ concerned predicative ⑥ interested predicative（2）填入適當(dāng)?shù)姆衷~?！驹O(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明】通過(guò)過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的對(duì)比體會(huì)兩種分詞之間的區(qū)別，來(lái)更好的理解過(guò)去分詞。① A. Nobody was in the story he told. B. The story he told was very . (interested, interesting )② A. Everybody was to hear the news. B. The news is very indeed. (excited, exciting )③ A. The result of the test was rather . B. He was very at the result of the test. (disappointed, disappointing )④ A. What he said was very . B. I was very at the sight. (amused, amusing )Keys: ① interested。 interesting ② excited。 exciting ③ disappointing。 disappointed ④ amusing。 amused （3） 句型轉(zhuǎn)換【設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明】通過(guò)分詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換，讓學(xué)生更好地理解過(guò)去分詞在句子中所表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系。① A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree. =A thief stole the goat _ ___ to the tree.② The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s longlost friend. = The girl _ ____ is Kelly’s longlost friend.③ The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt. = The castle, _ _, was never rebuilt.④ Father beat the son who was lost in the online games. =Father beat the son _ _ in the online games. ⑤ The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year. = The project, , was constructed in only 2 year. Keys: ① tired ② dressed in red ③ burnt down in the sixteen century ④ lost ⑤ designed by the Chinese engineers 17