【正文】 問題，經(jīng)過向老師和同學(xué)請(qǐng)教最后還是解決了。經(jīng)過這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)我感到自己對(duì)以前學(xué)習(xí)到的知識(shí)還沒有比較深刻的理解，有的東西以前覺得學(xué)得差不多了，但是在使用的時(shí)候老是遇到很多細(xì)節(jié)上面的問題。所以還有很多需要提高的地方。致謝為期一學(xué)期的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)終于完成了，在此我要感謝我的指導(dǎo)老師王大軍老師，他在我整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)完成過程中給了我很大的幫助。剛拿到畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)題目正感到迷茫時(shí)王大軍老師就抽時(shí)間給我們細(xì)心講解每個(gè)人該怎么做，需要做什么。在之后的時(shí)間里，王大軍老師有規(guī)律地給我們安排了指導(dǎo)時(shí)間，在指導(dǎo)中給了我許多寶貴的意見，并且王大軍老師在指導(dǎo)中平易近人、幽默風(fēng)趣，這讓我也自如地和他交流。所以我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)能夠順利完成少不了王大軍老師的指導(dǎo)，在此向王大軍師致以崇高的敬意和真摯的感謝。光陰似箭，歲月如梭。將近四年的大學(xué)生活即將結(jié)束。此刻我激動(dòng)的心情難以平復(fù)。在這里首先要感謝父母對(duì)我的養(yǎng)育之恩，以及給位專業(yè)老師對(duì)我的教誨，感謝他們傳授我各種專業(yè)知識(shí)。同時(shí)，我還要感謝我的輔導(dǎo)員老師陸文穎，感謝她對(duì)我生活和學(xué)習(xí)上面的幫助。當(dāng)然在本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中還有許多幫助過我的同學(xué)和研究生師兄，每當(dāng)遇到我要自己不能解決的問題的時(shí)候，他們總能細(xì)心地指導(dǎo)我、幫助我，哪怕告訴我應(yīng)該去什么地方找資料。所以在此我也謝謝你們，我可愛的同學(xué)們。希望你們一切順利。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 劉寶亮．LED將成為未來電視發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[N]．中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)報(bào)．20090430[2] Wang C，Sohraby K，Li B, et al. A survey of transport protocols for wireless sensor networks[J]．Network, IEEE, 2006[3] 張毅剛，彭喜元，彭宇．單片機(jī)原理及應(yīng)用[M]．高等教育出版社．2010[4] Anastasi G，Conti M,，Di Francesco M, et al. Energy conservation in wireless sensor networks：A survey[J]．Ad Hoc Networks，2009[5] Valeria Lomanto．A concordance to Keil39。s Latin grammarians[J]．Computers and the Humanities，1990， (5)[6] 藍(lán)厚榮．單片機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)LED數(shù)碼管的方法[J]．電氣時(shí)代. 2008(04)[7] 周小燕．基于AT89S52單片機(jī)的信號(hào)產(chǎn)生電路的設(shè)計(jì)[J]．科技風(fēng)．2010(21)[8] Wang Y，Attebury G，Ramamurthy B．A survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks[J]．2006[10] 張遠(yuǎn)山．PIC系列單片機(jī)與LCD接口實(shí)用技巧(二)[N]．電子報(bào)．20110911[11] 李紅艷．TFTLCD電源管理集成電路的研究設(shè)計(jì)[D]．西安電子科技大學(xué) 2007[12] 王婷．基于嵌入式的LED顯示系統(tǒng)的研究與設(shè)計(jì)[D]．西安科技大學(xué) 2008[13] W．Metzger．Photonicintegrated transceiver for the access network[J]．Optical and Quantum Electronics,1996,28[14] 許建勛．WLAN測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[D]．西安電子科技大學(xué) 2011[15] Ahmed N，Kanhere S S, Jha S．The holes problem in wireless sensor networks：a survey[J]．ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review，2005[16] 陳欣琳，王海峰，金亮．PC機(jī)和MCS51單片機(jī)間的串行通信[J]．中國(guó)科技信息．2009(13)[17] 王夢(mèng)．單片機(jī)與PC機(jī)的串行通信[J]．科技資訊. 2007(06)[18] Inter． of single chip microputers user‘s manual[J]．1981[19] 陳京培．AT89S52單片機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)與應(yīng)用[D]．江南大學(xué) 2007[20] 張普光．基于單片機(jī)的溫度控制器設(shè)計(jì)與研究[D]．西安電子科技大學(xué) 2008[21] Comparison of echoenhanced ultrasound with fluoroscopic MCU for the detection of vesicoureteral reflux in neonates[J]．200212 Springer[22] 諸昌鈐編著．LED顯示屏系統(tǒng)原理及工程技術(shù)[M]．電子科技大學(xué)出版社, 2000[23] 任元會(huì)．LED在室內(nèi)照明的應(yīng)用和前景[J]．中國(guó)科技財(cái)富. 2010(07)[24] 廖志凌，阮新波．半導(dǎo)體照明工程的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J]．電工技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào). 2006(09)[25] Barbara Hogenboom．Depoliticized and Repoliticized Minerals in Latin America[J]．Journal of Developing Societies，2012，28(2)附錄一、英語原文Sensors Dynamic Energy Management in WSNAbstract：A wireless sensor node is typically battery operated and energy constrained. Therefore, it is apparent thatoptimal energy management is one of the most important challenges in WSN development. However, energymanagement requires indepth knowledge and detailed insight concerning specific scenarios. After Carryingout a large number of experiments in precision agriculture, we find that it is the sensors that have never beenconcerned consuming the most energy of the node. In order to conserve energy and prolong the lifetime ofWSN, we design and carry out a dynamic energy management strategy for sensors. The basic idea is to shutdown all sensors’ power when not needed and wake them up when necessary. Valuable conclusions areextracted and analyzed.Keywords:WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), Precision Agriculture, Dynamic Energy Management, TinyOS1. IntroductionA large number of intelligent microsensor nodes withsensing, processing and wireless municating capabilities form wireless sensor network (WSN), whichpletes plicated tasks in some specific field, suchas precision agriculture. Compared with old methods,WSN has significantly drawn extensive attention. It doesnot rely on fixed infrastructure and has many characteristics such as fast setup, strong survivability and so on [1].It has been considered as a good scheme to conduct precision agriculture data collection and processing. In 2002,Intel has a project looking at how WSN can be used toimprove grape production. They worked with agricultural scientists on a longterm deployment of WSN in awine grape vineyard. By densely monitoring and analyzing they found the relationship between grape qualityand climatic conditions. It has been proved that WSNcould play a role in precision agriculture. Just the same as other applications, energy constraintof sensor nodes is the major problem for precision agriculture. Data aggregation [2] and low power listening [3]algorithms are effective method to reduce energy consumption in normal wireless sensor networks. However,after a sufficient number of experiments we found thatenergy consumption in precision agriculture has somespecial issues. Generally speaking, in order to monitorthe growth conditions of crops, one node has to connectwith many sensors, such as Co2 sensor, air temperaturesensor, air humidity sensor, light sensor, soil temperature/moisture sensor and so on. Although the sensorsconsume a large portion of the energy, we never pay anyattention to this issue in our previous research. It isnecessary to reduce the energy consumption of design and carry out a sensor dynamic energy management (SDEM) to reduce energy consumption of sensors and extend network lifetime. The basic idea is toshut down sensors when not needed and wake them upwhen necessary [4,5]. The experimental results indicatethat SDEM is an effective technique in reducing nodeenergy consumption without significantly degradingperformance. The remainder of this paper is organized as 2 gives the energy consumption of all parts ofthe sensors in precision agriculture. And we get a conclusion that the sensors consume most of the energy. Thearchitecture of the SDEM is described in Section 3, andSection 4 reports the hardware and software design andsome considerations about implementation. In Section 5,the actual deployment is described in detail, and finallySection 6 reports our conclusion and gives some directions on the ongoing work.2. Sensors Energy Consumption AnalysisA sensor node has several major ponents: processor,memory, A/D converter, sensing unit