【正文】 r and down in the winter B. looking for other opportunities for electrical energy conservation in the home C. reducing energy consumption can be undertaken at home D. making use of alternative clean energy sources E. contributing to climate changePassage 1Nowadays, scientists are working hard to make deserts into useful land again. They make efforts to bring water to the desert( C ). Unluckily, more and more land is being deserts. This is because people are doing bad things to the earth.Some places don’t bee deserts( D )Some green plants are growing there. ( B ). Plants keep the land away from being too dry in the sunshine( E ). When a little bit rain falls, the plants can hold the water. Without plants and grass，the land will bee drier and drier and is more likely to bee a desert. ( A )A. There is still a long way to go for scientists to turn the desert into good land. B. They are very important to dry placesC. so that people can live and grow food thereD. even though these places don’t have much rainE. Besides, they won’t let the wind blow the dirt away. Passage 2Temperature, pressure, specific volume, enthalpy and entropy are the most monly used ( C ) in the thermodynamics.Heat expansion refers to the phenomenon that most of the substances will increase in size with ( B ) in the absence of ( E ). There are three basic types of( A ), namely, conduction, convection and radiation. The first law of thermodynamics goes like this: the heat input to a thermodynamic system is equal to the sum of the increase in( D )of the system and the work done to the outside.A. heat transferB．the rise in temperatureC．parameters of the mediumD．internal energyE．external forcesPassage 1( E ) Here are three important rules( A )Reduce. ( B ) Big cities always consume a lot of water in daily life. To save water, people in some families may first use the same water to wash clothes and then to flush the toilet. Reuse. ( C )For example, you can pass on the clothes you do not use or those too small for you to your younger sisters or brothers.Recycle. Bottles, cans and paper can be recycled. In this way, we can save a lot of money and resources. For example, used coke cans can be sent to a factory to be smashed flat and melted. ( D )A. Their key words all begin with the 1etter “R”.B. If you want to reduce waste. you must use things wisely. C. You must always think of reusing things before throwing them out.D. The metal stuff can be made into new coke cans.E. It’s important to protect our environment.Passage 2According to the mode of energy conversion, power plants can be classified into fossilfired, hydraulic, ( B ), geothermal, tide power plants, and so on. A power plant transforms primary energy source into electric power and ( C ). A cogeneration plant is the power plant that not only generates electricity but also ( A ). Normally, in selecting the site of a new power plant, following factors should be fully considered: Power net plan fur medium and long term。 ( D )。 Transportation condition。 Water sources。 Local natural condition and environmental protection.According to the mon stipulation for a newly scheduled power plant, the total capacity in a ( E ) is in the range of 1200MW to 3 600MW, the number of units should not exceed six and the ranks of capacity should not exceed two.A. supplies steam to the userB. nuclear, wind, solarC. supplies power to usersD. Fuel supply and ash disposalE. newly scheduled power plantPassage 1The most important pumps in a power plant are feedwater pumps and condensate pumps, etc. The role of feedwater pump in a power plant is that ( B ) from deaerator water storage tank to boiler. To meet the demand of parameter design of thermodynamic system and to simplify the system, a part of the feed water is extracted from an intermediate stage of the pump for temperature reduction of superheated steam.Following methods are used popularly for the speed regulation of feedwater pump: ( D )；Hydraulic coupling speed regulation and speed regulation by a small turbine.The principle of disposition for boiler feedwater pumps: three sets of feedwater pumps are equipped, ( A ), another one for standby. Generally, two steamdriven pumps and one motordriven pump are provided, also, ( C ). Role of a condensate pump in a power plant: it pressurizes the water from the hot well of condenser and transports it to deaerator via low pressure heater. The principle of disposition for condensate pumps of steam turbine unit：normally, two sets of vertical pumps are equipped. The demand on the mounting position of condensate pump: ( E ) to avoid vaporization inside the condensate pump. A. three sets of motordriven pumps are acceptableB. it must be located at below the hotwellC. two of them are fur normal operationD. Motor frequency conversion speed regulation；E. it pressurizes and transports the higher temperature deaerated waterPassage 2Automatic regulation of boiler dram water level means that by the feed water automatic regulator, ( C ). The feedwater autoregulator has three input signals: drum level, steam now and feed water flow. When the boiler takes a load less than 30％of the rated one, only the dram level signal is available. ( E ). The feed water automatic regulation fur a oncethrough boiler keep the transition zone outlet steam temperature lesssuperheated within allowable range, and makes the feedwater flow match with the steam flow and keep steady. The steam temperature automatic regulating system of boiler is the automatic regulating device to keep the boiler superheater outlet steam temperature and the reheater outlet steam temperature within allowable fluctuation around the rated value. ( B ). The reheater outlet steam temperature can be regulated by adjusting the flue gas dampers or by adjusting the tilting angle of the burners, if necessary, ( A ). For the onceth