【正文】 ademarks and of any applications or registrations of confusingly similar marks which may e to its attention. 參考譯文：一旦被許可方獲悉涉及商標的侵權行為或涉嫌的侵權行為，或涉及商標的不正當競爭行為，以及引 起混淆的類似商標的申請和注冊，被許可方應立即書面通知許可方。 “good”相關的詞 的理解 (1)表示“有效” Good contract (2)表示“有信用” Goodwill (3)表示“完整的” Good title:完整的所有權，無可爭辯的所有權。 (4)在“in good standing”中表示“資格完備，營業(yè)狀況良好的”。 Party A is a pany duly organized, validly existing and in good standing as a legal person under the laws of the PRC. 參考譯文：甲方是依據(jù)中國法律正式成立、有效存續(xù)和資格完備的公司法人。 (5)good faith:誠信 38. to the extent to the extent:在……程度上，僅僅 此短語常常出現(xiàn)在保密條款中，表明保密的程度。 Party A and its affiliates and successors shall, after prior notice to, and consultation with Party B, be permitted to disclose any such Confidential Information to the extent legally required or necessary for obtaining appropriate regulatory licenses or approvals. 參考譯文：甲方和關聯(lián)公司及其繼受人經事先通知乙方并與乙方協(xié)商后，應允許其僅按法律要求或為獲得相關 管理部門執(zhí)照或批準而披露必須予以披露的任何該等機密信息。 注釋與說明： ，在英文合同中見到這個詞都應當理解為“僅僅”。例如，“Party A shall be subrogated to the rights to the extent of…（甲方應僅以XX為限行使代位權）” “以兩種情況中先 發(fā)生的為準”的表達:whichever occurs earlier Party A will deliver to Party B all Confidential Information and all copies thereof (and all other property obtained from or through Party B) when Party B requests the same or immediately upon termination of this Agreement, whichever occurs earlier, except for one copy thereof that Party A may retain for its records. 參考譯文：乙方要求時，或本協(xié)議終止時（以兩種情況中先發(fā)生的為準），甲方將向乙方提交所有機密信息及 一切副本（和從客戶或通過客戶獲得的一切其他財產），但甲方可以存檔的一份副本除外。 注釋與說明： A．讀者應注意本句中“upon”的含義，其實際上類似于“after”表示“在……之后”。 B．“to retain for record”的含義為存檔。 (1)to be null and void/to be invalid and unenforceable:無效 It was held by the court that the contract was null and void. 參考譯文：法院宣布該合同無效。 (2)to be in force and effect:有效 If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall no in any way be affected or impaired and shall remain in full force and effect. 參考譯文：如果本協(xié)議的某條款或數(shù)條款，根據(jù)任何適用法律在任何方面是無效的、不合法的或不能執(zhí)行的， 則本協(xié)議的其他條款的效力、合法性和可執(zhí)行性不受任何影響或損害，并仍然完全有效。 41.“自費”：at one’s cost/expense During the term of this Agreement, Party A shall undertake, renew and maintain for its benefits and interest, and at its own cost and expense, the following primary insurance policies. 參考譯文：在本協(xié)議期間，甲方應為自身利益自費購買、續(xù)買、保持下列主要保險。 注釋與說明: “policy”在多數(shù)情況下與保險相關，其本身即為“保單”。 B．“renew”是指“續(xù)展”，我們常講的“合同的續(xù)展”也是這個詞，如to renew the contract。 versa:反之亦然 Words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa. 參考譯文：單數(shù)詞包含其復數(shù)形態(tài)，反之亦然。 注釋與說明： A.“vice versa”為拉丁用語，在英文合同中時常可見其身影。常用的拉丁用語見第一章第二節(jié)。 B．注意英文“singular與plural ”是“單復數(shù)”的意思。 :免除某人某種義務 Each Party forever releases and discharges the other from all claims, debts, allegations, actions, causes of action and demands, whether known or unknown, arising from or in connection with the Claim and existing as at the date of this Settlement Agreement, including without limitation any liability for legal costs connected with or arising out of the subject matter of the Claim. 參考譯文：各方永久免除并解除另一方因主張引起或與之相關的、及在本協(xié)議之日存在的一切索賠、債務、指 控、訴訟事由和要求（無論是已知的還是未知的）應承擔的責任，包括但不限于承擔與主張的標的相關的或因之引起的法律費用的責任。 注釋與說明： 。 from=arising out of，前面經常接“disputes,claims, debts, allegations, actions”等詞，表示“源于XX的糾紛、索賠、債務、請求及訴訟”。 lieu of:替代，意思同“instead of” The expss warranties in this Agreement shall be in lieu of all other warranties, expss or implied, including the implied warranties of merchantability, noninfringement, interoperability, and fitness for a particular purpose. 參考譯文：本協(xié)議中明示的保證，應取代一切其他明示、默示的保證，包括對產品的適銷性、不侵權、互用性 和適用于某一特定目的的默示保證。 注釋與說明： “provided that”代替“but”一樣，英文合同和其他英文法律文件中較少使用“instead of”而代之以“in lieu of”。 “管轄”相關的 詞匯 The local court is the petent court to deal with the case. 參考譯文：當?shù)胤ㄔ杭词枪茌牱ㄔ骸?petent jurisdiction:管轄地 (1)levy a tax on sb:向某人征稅 All the relevant taxes shall be levied on Party B. 參考譯文：所有稅務均由方承擔。 (2)levy a fine against sb:對某人罰款 The judge levied a $5 million fine against the factory for polluting the river. 參考譯文：因該廠污染河水，法官對其處以500萬美元罰款。 three months of the receipt of sth:自收到某物后三個月內 The examination and approval authority shall, within three months of the receipt of all the documents set out in Article 5 of these Regulations, decide whether to approve or not to approve such documents. 參考譯文：審批機關自接到本條例第五條規(guī)定的全部文件之日起，3個月內決定批準或者不批準。 注釋與說明： A.“examination and approval authority”是指“審批機關”。由此及彼“formality of examination and approval”是指“審批手續(xù)”。 B．within sometime of sth=with sometime after doing 這兩個句式（尤其是前一個）表示的含義是“自XX行為后XX日期內”。所以在漢英翻譯中應掌握兩種用法，比如：“本交易完成后三（3）年內”既可以翻譯為 “within three(3) years of pletion of this transaction”，也可以翻譯為“within three(3) years after pleting of this transaction”。 confirmation的理解 (1)不可數(shù)名詞“確認、證實” This contract needs confirmation by the manager. 參考譯文：本合同需要經理的確認。 (2)可數(shù)名詞“確認書” Before entering into a formal contract, I will send you a confirmation. 參考譯文：在正式訂立合同前，我將向讀者送交一份確認書。 （1）可數(shù)名詞，與file,lodge,put forward/reject,waive等詞連用，表示提出/放棄索賠 The Party A lodged a claim against the Party B for his breach of contract. 參考譯文：甲方向乙方提出了因其違約而造成損失的索賠。 注釋與說明： A．file,lodge,bring等詞還可以與action/lawsuit等詞連用，表示“起 訴”，其后亦常跟介詞against表示所針對的對象。 （2）及物動詞，“索賠”：claim sth against sb Party A claimed $1000 against Party B. 參考譯文：甲方向乙方索賠1000美元。 shall in no way do any other thing than sth:某人除了做……之外，不得做 In consideration of the exclusive right herein granted, Party A shall in no way directly or indirectly sell or export Products toTerritory through any other channel than Party B. 參考譯文： 鑒于本協(xié)議賦予的獨家權利，甲方不得通過乙方以外的渠道直接或間接向地區(qū)銷售或出口產品。 （1）不及物動詞，與by連用，表示“遵守”。 We assure you that we will abide by the rules. 參考譯文：我方保證將遵守所有的規(guī)則。 （2）及物動詞，表示“忍受” We cannot abide your breach of contract. 參考譯文：我們無法容忍你們的違約行為。 （1）bankruptcy:破產 （2）insolvency:無償債能力 （3）dissolution:解散 （4）modification:重組 （5）receivership proceedings:接管清算程序