【導(dǎo)讀】等特點(diǎn)，被廣泛的應(yīng)用于測(cè)繪行業(yè)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。本文探討了三維激光掃描技術(shù)在土地復(fù)墾領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并且就瑞士Leica三維激光掃描儀及其數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件Cyclone的操作流程進(jìn)行探討研究。的作用，它的發(fā)展對(duì)我國(guó)的土地復(fù)墾具有深遠(yuǎn)意義。濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷で蠼?jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境和社會(huì)的統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。國(guó)家和社會(huì)對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的改善也越來(lái)越。土地的開(kāi)發(fā)與整理已日益重要，三維激光掃描作為測(cè)繪領(lǐng)域的又一次技術(shù)革命，利用三維建。身主要包括激光測(cè)距系統(tǒng)和激光掃描系統(tǒng),同時(shí)也集成CCD和儀器內(nèi)部控制和校正系統(tǒng)等。前者可以重建目標(biāo)模型及分析結(jié)構(gòu)特性，并且進(jìn)行全。面的后處理測(cè)繪及測(cè)繪目標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜幾何內(nèi)容。以便進(jìn)行第二次水平掃描，如此同步下去，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)所有空間的掃描過(guò)程。每掃描一個(gè)云點(diǎn)后，CCD將云點(diǎn)信息轉(zhuǎn)化成數(shù)字電信號(hào)并直接傳送給計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行計(jì)算。質(zhì)點(diǎn)，從而提高重建目標(biāo)的整體精度及質(zhì)量。地面三維激光掃描系統(tǒng)通過(guò)主動(dòng)發(fā)射激光信號(hào)，經(jīng)反射棱鏡發(fā)

　　

【正文】 the deformation trend of slope and the order of magnitude. Mining subsidence monitoring, because of 3 d laser scanning technology has the characteristics of fast and high resolution and high precision for mining subsidence monitoring in is, can be on the surface of the mobile can quickly obtain the space location of the target area and the vertical change of the relative position to determine the surface movement of subsidence area. Urban cadastral survey: in the town cadastral survey of the past, the results of the survey for datum and report form, the more poor availability and 3 d laser scanner can produce a threedimensional image of the image, to obtain threedimensional point cloud data modeling, convenient to measure on the puter, have greater precision increase, of course, this is just a portion of their application due to its good technical superiority, industrial medical measurement in reverse engineering of digital city, etc. Different applications can be very good. Because the 3 d laser scanning technology has good technical superiority, has bee a new hotspot in the field of surveying and mapping at present, although the applications of 3 d laser scanning system research is still in its infancy, but has got good application in engineering construction with the deepening of the research and bined with other measurement technology, 3 d laser scanning technology will be more widely applied. Chapter 3 3 d laser scanning application in land reclamation the subsidence monitoring Because of 3 d laser scanning technology is quick, the resolution, high precision 21 characteristics of mining subsidence monitoring is going on, can be on the surface of the mobile can quickly obtain the space location of the target area and the change of the vertical position, to determine the surface movement of subsidence area. the feasibility 3 d laser scanner to get point cloud data after data pretreatment, model, finally get high precision DEM model, a process application software of 3 d laser scanner kit can be pleted. Will substracting the DEM model of the last observations for the first time, that is get the whole of subsidence area corresponding to the arbitrary coordinate value, then the area is divided into a certain size of grid, the output geodetic coordinate grid nodes and sink value, notes for the x, y, h, is get the whole data of subsidence area. Because of 3 d laser scanning has no fixed point, so can39。t directly by horizontal movement value, to study level moving regularity of surface movement, still have to bury some points. Sink of therefore, 3 d laser scanning is used to study than other deformation monitoring technology, such as total station, precision level, GPS and close shot photography, etc.), in the efficiency of data acquisition, data accuracy, monitoring, data processing to the difficulty of the work in such aspects as speed and the accuracy of the data analysis has more obvious advantage. precision analysis 1) the precision of the instrument itself [12]. Although 3 d laser scanner is high precision, high efficiency, but different types of instruments for different brand, its performance indicators and measurement precision or have bigger difference, single point positioning accuracy ranging from a few millimeters to several centimeters, distance measuring range from tens of meters to thousands meters. Different instruments have different effect, so should choose the appropriate instrument. (2) the actual situation on the ground and vegetation. Voucher only 3 d laser scanning point positioning accuracy may not be higher than the total station and other measuring 22 instruments, but its scanning object modeling accuracy is very high. Modeling accuracy refers to the extracted from the target surface geometric accuracy of the model. When the system of single measurement accuracy of 10 mm, the geometrical precision of the model is generated by the least square method can reach 1 ~ 2 mm. This is especially played a high density in laser scanning measuring instrument can quickly scan features of a target surface. However, if an application cannot generate solid model, or the target point on the surface of the density is low, the precision of the model would be reduced. It is obvious that the surface not like geometric model with smooth surface, so the accuracy of scanning the surface of the model will be reduced to a certain extent, but as long as the density of points is enough, don39。t have too much difference. To be performed and, if the surface vegetation, the vegetation, the ground vegetation of 3 d scanning technology is not mature, can lead to lower precision. (3) the scanning distance and the sampling point spacing. Has much effect on the precision of scanning, scanning distance is not within the measuring range can reach the same accuracy and precision in the far distance may appear serious attenuation, and if the log is too short, and can lead to more stations, big workload. So should according to the actual situation to choose the appropriate scanning distance. Sample point spacing mainly determines the modeling accuracy, generally in a few mm to tens of mm, the smaller the spacing between the modeling precision is higher. But the scanning time will be very long, in the mining area terrain scanning, with dozens of mm spacing, specific situation according to equipment performance and scanning range. So under the condition of the instrument have determined to choose the appropriate scanning distance is the key. Coal mining subsidence monitoring accuracy requirement is in monly 10 mm [12], if the 3 d laser scanner to scan the precision of the surface can be obtained in 3 ~ 5 mm, on the basis of plus connection error and stability of bp and coordinate conversion error can pletely satisfy the requirem