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中考英語(yǔ)精品復(fù)習(xí)資料--高頻語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)總結(jié)-資料下載頁(yè)

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【導(dǎo)讀】1在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)賓):. 劃線部分是動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ).等結(jié)構(gòu)后的句子也被認(rèn)為是賓語(yǔ)從句.1主句若是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句根據(jù)不同情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。3無(wú)論主句是何時(shí)態(tài),從句若表客觀真理,要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4賓語(yǔ)從句無(wú)論有何引導(dǎo)詞,句子都要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。等引導(dǎo),見(jiàn)下文)狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句需注意以下問(wèn)題:。1主句若是一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句或含不表過(guò)去的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等,則if(如果),unless(除非),從句前面的名詞或代詞叫先行。關(guān)系代詞who只指人,which只指物。whose后必須跟有名詞,既指人,也可指物。(以下所給例子凡斜體字部分均作定語(yǔ)從句。(以上關(guān)系詞作主語(yǔ),不可省略?!斑@個(gè)自行車(chē)的”。2hope接todosth.或that從句.但不接sbtodosth.(此句表達(dá)對(duì)對(duì)方為自己做了某事的感謝,后無(wú)補(bǔ)充的結(jié)果。(此句表達(dá)感謝由于某方所做的有利的事,出現(xiàn)了后面的結(jié)果。前者表全過(guò)程,后者表正在進(jìn)行。句中有頻率詞時(shí),以上的詞也常跟動(dòng)詞原

  

【正文】 Friday, didn’t there? There won’t be a movie in the theatre, will there? — 11— — 12— on, wear, dress, in: ? 1 put on,“ 穿上 ” 后接物 。 表行為 , 是短暫動(dòng)詞 。 You should put on your coat when you leave. ? 2 wear,“ 穿 , 穿著 ” 后接物 , 表狀態(tài) , 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 。 He always wears the yellow sweater in winter. I like wearing beautiful clothes. ? 3 dress, “ 給 … 穿衣 ” 后接人 。 You can dress yourself, baby. Lucy is dressing her little brother now. be dressed in 后常接具有某種特征的衣物 。 也可直接加表示顏色的詞 。 The lady is dressed in a white skirt. The students are all dressed in yellow. get dressed “ 穿好衣服 ”, 常 不接賓語(yǔ) : He went out as soon as he got dressed. dress up (as) ...“ 裝扮 ( 成 ) ......” He dressed up as a clown. 他裝扮成小丑 。 ? 4 in, “ 穿著 ” 后接具有某種特征的衣物 , 表狀態(tài) , 是 介詞 , 不可作謂語(yǔ) , 可作狀語(yǔ) 。 也可以直接加表示顏色的詞 。 The woman in a white skirt is my teacher. Do you know the girl in a red coat? ( 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿著紅外套的姑娘嗎 ?) I want to talk to the boy in black. (我想找那個(gè)穿著黑衣服的男孩談?wù)?。 ) : 在非真實(shí)條件句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 , 即 if 從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí) , 而主句動(dòng)詞用 would / should + 動(dòng)詞原形 , 表示與現(xiàn)在相反的主觀設(shè)想 , 也可以表示在說(shuō)話人看來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性很小的情況 。( 注意 : 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的 be 動(dòng)詞都要用 were.) If there were no air, people would die. (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 ) If I got rich, I would travel around the world. (可能性很小 ) / others / the other / the others / another: ? 1 如果不特定指出哪一個(gè) , 是泛指 , “ 另一個(gè) ” 要用 another, 后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 。 If you are still thirsty, you may have another cup of tea. ( 沒(méi)特定指出哪一杯茶 , 是泛指 。 cup 是單數(shù) 。) another 也可 +數(shù)字 +可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) : The meeting will last another two hours. ( 再持續(xù)兩小時(shí) ) We need another six desks. (此處兩句分別相當(dāng)于 : two more hours。 six more desks.) ? 2 如果只有兩個(gè)或只有兩部分 , 就給出了范圍 , 其中另一個(gè)或另一部分是特指 (other前有 the.), 有如下用法 : 第一種 , 所說(shuō)內(nèi)容只有兩個(gè) : Mrs. Green has two sons, one is interested in math, the other (one / son) is good at science. 【 只有兩個(gè) , 用 the other, 不加 s, 后面名詞可省略 。】 又如 : This pair of shoes is strange. One is blue, yet the other is green. “ 這雙鞋子很怪 , 一只藍(lán)色 , 而另一只綠色 ?!? 第二種 , 只有兩部分 : 此種情況下 the other 后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) , 或不接名詞而只在 the other 后加 s. Two children went there, but the other children / the others stayed. Two fifths of the students in our class are boys, the other students / the others are girls. ○3 如果沒(méi)有顯示出只有兩部分 , 未給出范圍 , 則是泛指 , 不加 the. Lei Feng liked helping other people / others. Do you have any other questions? Alice didn’t like that dress, so she asked to see some others. ? 4 other 的另一用法 : 用比較級(jí)的形式 , 體現(xiàn)最高級(jí)的含 義 。 He is taller than any other boy in his class. (劃線中 boy 常用單數(shù) ) = He is taller than all ( of ) the other boys in his class. (劃線中 boy 用復(fù)數(shù) ) 他比班里任何男孩都高 ( 他是班里男孩中最高的 )。 long / how often / how soon / how far: ? 1 how long 是對(duì)長(zhǎng)度或時(shí)間段提問(wèn) 。 How long is the river? It’s 5,000 kilometers long. (對(duì) 長(zhǎng)度 提問(wèn) ) How long have you lived there? For five months. / Since 2020. (對(duì) 時(shí)間段 提問(wèn) ) ? 2 how often 是對(duì)頻率提問(wèn) , 如 : never, sometimes, often, usually, always, once a week, twice a day, three times a year, every day / year / month / week 等。 How often do you watch TV? Every two days. / Twice a week. / Sometimes. 【 若只有次數(shù) , 則用 how many times 提問(wèn) : How many times do you watch TV a week? Twice. / only once.】 ? 3 how soon 是對(duì) “ in + 時(shí)間段 ” 提問(wèn) : How soon will you return to Beijing? In a week./ In two days. ? 4 how far 是對(duì) 以下三種表達(dá)法的提問(wèn) : — How far is it from your home to the school? 有以下三種回答 : ▲ — It’s five minutes’ walk / an hour’s ride / thirteen minutes’ drive. ▲ — It’s about 20 kilometers (far) away. (注意回答時(shí)不再用 far,而用 away, 或 far away) ▲ — It’s 15 minutes by bus / on foot / by train / by bike. : 二分之一 : half a / an 或 a half. 如 : half an hour = a half hour 半小時(shí) It’s half past seven.(省略冠詞 ) 以下情況中 , 分子 (基數(shù)詞 )若超過(guò)一 , 分母 (序數(shù)詞 )需加 s: 三分之一 : a / one third 三分之二 : two thirds 四分之一 : a / one fourth 或 a / one quarter 四分之三 : three fourths 或 three quarters. 五分之一 : a / one fifth 五分之二 : two fifths 其它類(lèi)推 。 若分?jǐn)?shù)所在 of 短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ) , 謂語(yǔ)依 of 后的名詞而定 : — 13— — 14— A third of the boys have passed the test. A third of the work has been over. Two fifths of the students are on time. Two fifths of the land is polluted. (of 后是 可數(shù) 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 時(shí) , 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) ; of 后是不可數(shù)名詞時(shí) , 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù) 。 ) : ?1 get to + 地點(diǎn) get to Shanghai / London / China 接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí) , 不帶 to. get there / home / here. ? 2 arrive in+大地點(diǎn) (如 Beijing / Zhengzhou), arrive at+小地點(diǎn) (如 school / hospital) arrive 只作不及物動(dòng)詞 , 所以也可單獨(dú)用 : Please ring me up when you arrive. ? 3 reach 只作及物動(dòng)詞 , 后直接加地點(diǎn) : reach Beijing / England 但常不說(shuō) reach home / there / here. : ? 1 What + 名詞短語(yǔ) +主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ) ! 此情況下主 、 謂??墒÷?。 What lazy boys (they are)! What hard work (it is)! What good news (it is)! What a good idea! What bad weather (it is)! What clever girls (you are)! ? 2 How +形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) ! How hard the work is! How fast he runs! How rude you are! How carefully they are listening! How bad the weather is! : ? 1 because 后接句子 , because of 接名詞或代詞 。 He didn’t e because he was ill. / because of his illness. ? 2 instead 是副詞 , 單獨(dú)在句尾 。 instead of 后要接名詞或代詞 。 We didn’t have rice, we had noodles instead. / instead of it. ? 3 out 副詞 , 可單獨(dú)用 , 但若接地點(diǎn) , 先加 of.( 也可作介詞 , “ 向 … 外 ”, 可不加 of. 一般不要求掌握 。 ) He went out He went out of the house early. much, too many 與 much too: much too“ 過(guò)于 ”, 加形容詞或副詞原級(jí) 。 much too big / slowly 等 。 too much“ 太多的 ”, 加不可數(shù)名詞 。 too much work / rain 等 。 too many“ 太多的 ”, 加可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 。 too many books / people 等 。 ( 以上每個(gè)短語(yǔ)可依第二個(gè)詞來(lái)決定其后要接什么詞 。) 55. alone / lonely: ? 1 alone,“ 獨(dú)自一人 ; 單獨(dú) ” 不含感情色彩 。 可當(dāng)形容詞 , 但只在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ) : Jack is alone. 杰克是單身 。 The old woman is alone in the house. 那位老婦一個(gè)人在屋里 。 可當(dāng)副詞 , 修飾動(dòng)詞 : She lives alone. 她獨(dú)居 。 Can you move the stone alone? 你能獨(dú)自搬動(dòng)那塊兒石頭嗎 ? Dick is walking on the beach alone. 狄克獨(dú)自在海灘漫步 。 ( 注意 : 不可說(shuō) very alone. 但可說(shuō) very much alone.) ? 2 lonely, “ 孤獨(dú)的 ; 寂寞的 ” 帶有傷感色彩 。 只當(dāng)形容詞 。 可在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ) : The old man is 。 He has many relatives, but he feels lonely. 他有很多親戚 , 但感到孤獨(dú) 。 ( lonely 和心理感受有關(guān) , 而 alone 和心理感受無(wú)關(guān) 。) 也可在名詞前作定語(yǔ) : a lonely person 一位孤獨(dú)的人
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