【正文】 better(not)wouldyouplease(not)make\let\have\[注意:在被動語態(tài)中,to要加上]后跟ing和TO的區(qū)別developingcountry發(fā)展中國家developedcountry發(fā)達(dá)國家stoptodo（事情有兩件）Stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事情（事情只有一件）Remembertodo（事情沒有做）Rememberdoingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（事情已經(jīng)做）Forgettodosth.忘記去做某事（事情沒做）Forgetdoingsth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過的事情（事情已經(jīng)做）Trytodosth.努力去做某事Trydoingsth.試著去做某事Goontodo，接著改做另外一件事Goondoingsth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事See/hearsbdoing/do情態(tài)動詞Can①能，可能，表示能力，猜測。過過式could②可能，也許。主要用在疑問句、否定句中，表示懷疑、估計，不用肯定句中。③對could的委婉語氣回答一般不直接用yes和no，要用certainly,Of course..④wouldyoupleasenotdo?⑤wouldyouliketoplayfootballwithmetonight?Yes,I’dloveto.Sorry,Iambusy.Yes,I’dloveto.But⑥wouldyoulikesomebananas?Yes,please.No.thanks.⑦在表示請求、委婉語氣的疑問句和表示希望得到對方的肯定回答的問句中，常用some.Couldyougivemesomeapples?May①可以，表許可。mayI？回答：Yes,youmay.Yes,ofcourse.No,youmaynot.No,you’dbetternot.②也許，可能。表猜測，但把握性不是很大。③maybe=perhaps是副詞，放在句首或句末。May be和Maybe不同。Must①MustI?否定回答用No,youneedn’t.No,youdon’thaveto.②必須。應(yīng)該。mustn’t禁止，絕對不能。③must表主觀。Haveto表客觀。Don’thaveto=needn’t④must一定。用于表推測。表示有很大的把握時用，只用于肯定句、不用疑問句。否定句中can’t有不可能之意。Need①don’thavetodosth.=needn’tdosth.②肯定回答Yes,must.否定回答No,needn’t.不定式不定式常跟在以下及物動詞后面作賓語:want,like,wish,hope,try,ask,start,begin,forget,remember,learn,choose,agree,tell,decide,needtodosth.Asksb.(not)todosth.Tellsb.todosth.Decidetodosth.Wouldliketodosth.Setouttodosth.Warnsbtodosth.Helpsb.(to)dosth.動詞不定式還可用在某些表示感情的形容詞之后:glad,happy,pleased,sorry,sad,afraid不定式作賓語的有:somethingtodrink\eat。havesthtodothewaytodosth.不定式作賓語:特殊疑問詞(what,where)+不定式Where to go主謂一致1． 鄰近和靠近原則由therebe,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...but(also)連接兩個并列的主語，謂語動詞遵守就近原則。2． Eitherof,neitherof,eachof作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。3．Each,every,manya,no修飾并列單句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。4．在百分?jǐn)?shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)等后，如跟可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如跟不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。5．表示時間、重量、長度、價值等名詞作為主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。6．動詞不定式或動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。7．算術(shù)題中主語是數(shù)詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。8.Thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。9．Oneandahalf+名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。單詞的詞性變化動詞變?yōu)槊~①+er(r)cleaner,sellerPlayer surfersingerownerjumperspeakertravelerteacherworkerrobberpainter,farmer diverdriver,writer waiter(waitress) Runner winner②+orVisitorinventorconductorinspector（檢查員）Actor(actress)③+ingcross—crossingwash—washingmeet—meetingpark—parkingpack—packing（包裝）surf—surfingmean—meaninghikingbreathingBeginning Shopping④describedescriptioninventinventiondiscussdiscussionenterentrancedisappeardisappearanceknowknowledgelivelifediedeathsitseatpleasepleasureflyflightrobrobberydevelopdevelopmentdecidedecision二、動詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~CloseclosedexcitedexcitedFrustratefrustrated(挫敗的)InterestinterestedsurprisesurprisedDiedeadfrightenfrightenedFryfriedworryworriedBreakbrokenenjoyenjoyableloselostAmazeamazingmissmissingfollowfollowing(下列的)wakeawakeExciteexcitinginterestinterestingmovemovingSleepasleepwonderwonderfulThankthankfulforgetforgetful三、名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~CarecarefulcolorcolorfulhelphelpfulPainpainfulUseusefulsunsunny successsuccessfulheathhealthyluckluckyNoisenoisycloudcloudyrainrainymistmistyshowershowery snowsnowywindwindy Fogfoggysouthsouthern NorthnorthernwoolwoolenconfidenceconfidentDangerdangerouspersonpersonalPostpostalfriendfriendlyItalyItalianAmericaAmericanAustraliaAustralianCanadaCanadianChinaChineseJapanJapaneseBritainBritishEnglandEnglishFranceFrenchGermanyGerman四、形容詞變?yōu)槊~GoodgoodnessbusybusinessdifferentdifferenceForeignforeignerdifficultdifficultysafesafetyTruetruthproudPridedrydroughtImportantimprotanceconfidentconfidence（信心）五、形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~①+lyuseful,wide,strong②改y為,再加lyhealthy,heavy,happy,lucky,noisy,Goodwellterribleterriblyprobableprobably 否定的unluckyunknownunlikeunhappyunusualunfriendlydiscoverdisappearimpossiblecarelesshomeless八、其它。CrossacrosspasspastsciencescientistfriendfriendshipLibrarylibrarian16