【正文】 sent D) was written, have sent “書(shū)是被某人寫的”、“書(shū)是在某地方被寫的”都是表示發(fā)生在以前的動(dòng)作，該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如過(guò)說(shuō)“書(shū)是被用英語(yǔ)寫的”，那就是指書(shū)的特點(diǎn)了，就該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)了。后半句意為“我把它寄給朋友了”是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在書(shū)不在我這里。不是強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去寄的，不該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。這種類型的時(shí)態(tài)，學(xué)生最容易錯(cuò)，千萬(wàn)要注意。英語(yǔ)中有許多動(dòng)作是以前發(fā)生的、但沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表達(dá)。所以本題答案應(yīng)該選“D”。( ) Mr. Jackson _____ the city quite well since he _____ in the city for a couple of years. A) knows, was B) has known, was C) knows, has been D) has known, has been 本句中的“since”不是“自從”之意，因此，前半句與后半句用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”和“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”的形式做是錯(cuò)誤的。本句中的“since”意為“由于”，與“as”近義。根據(jù)句意，“熟悉城市”是表示杰克遜先生的“特點(diǎn)”，要用“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”表達(dá)；“他來(lái)到這個(gè)城市有兩、三年了”是表示到現(xiàn)在為止的結(jié)果情況，要用“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表達(dá)。所以本題答案應(yīng)該選“C”。( ) Could you tell me _____? A) how to do it B) why do it C) how to do D) what to do it 由于“do”通常用作及物動(dòng)詞，因此要注意它有否賓語(yǔ)。要避免“C”的沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)和“D”的重疊賓語(yǔ)的錯(cuò)誤?！癇”是不定式遺漏了“to”，所以本題答案應(yīng)該選“A”。關(guān)于“do”的這種特點(diǎn)很重要，為了熟記它，可以背一句口訣：“how to do it, what to do”。( ) English is his favourite subject. He can _____ it very fluently. A) say B) talk C) speak D) tell 由于后句“it”指的是“English”，因此要用動(dòng)詞“speak”才對(duì)。所以本題答案應(yīng)該選“C”。“talk”是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不跟賓語(yǔ)。“speak”既可作不及物動(dòng)詞用，也可作及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)只能是語(yǔ)言?！皌ell”的賓語(yǔ)有限；有“a story”、“the difference”、“the truth”、“a lie”、“the time”等?！皊ay”可跟的賓語(yǔ)最多，不再一一例舉。由此句我們得到啟示；即我們?cè)谧隽?xí)題時(shí)不要被單詞的表面現(xiàn)象所迷惑，一定要看清楚它的內(nèi)涵，即注意到它的真正含義是什么。再舉兩個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明注意內(nèi)涵的重要性：例1. A recorder is used to learn English in our class. 例2. His spoken English is poor. He only speaks a word of it.( ) Mr. Black is the manager of this pany. He _____ this pany. A) takes charge of B) is responsible to C) is in the charge of D) has the duty from 在英語(yǔ)中，“他負(fù)責(zé)這家公司”有多種說(shuō)法，如：1. He is in charge of this pany. 2. His job is to be in charge of this pany. 3. This pany is in the charge of him. 4. He is responsible for this pany. 5. He has the duty of this pany. 6. He takes charge of this pany. 在這里要注意動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系，不要記錯(cuò)了。本題答案應(yīng)該選“A”。( )10. Please _____ the city map before you go sightseeing. A) look at B) have a look C) watch D) read 在英語(yǔ)中，“看”在不同場(chǎng)合有不同的譯法。“l(fā)ook at”意為“粗略地看”；“have a look”意為“看一下”，其后不能跟賓語(yǔ)；“watch”意為“注視、仔細(xì)地看”，雖然可以跟“地圖”搭配，但是，它只是表示一種“看”的狀態(tài)，沒(méi)有“查看路線”之意?！翱磿?shū)”、“看地圖”都要用動(dòng)詞“read”，意為“閱讀”、“查看”。所以本題答案應(yīng)該選“D”。習(xí)題訓(xùn)練: Choose the best answer (選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福肁、B、C或D表示，填入空格內(nèi)):( ) 1. They _____ any food. They’ve got plenty of _____ for the piic. A) needn’t, it B) needn’t, them C) don’t need, it D) don’t need, them( ) 2. His favourite _____ is _____ a taxi driver. A) job, to be B) job, / C) work, to be D) work, /( ) 3. Why does _____ like _____ this uniform? A) he not, wearing B) not he, wearing C) he not, wear D) not he, wear( ) 4. You can not only learn _____ make the delicious drink, you can also _____ it. A) to , eat B) to, eat C) how to, enjoy D) how to, enjoy ( ) 5. Have you all _____ your pens yet? A) prepared B) prepared for C) preparation D) preparation for( ) 6. Danny practises _____ twice _____ week. A) to swim, a B) to swim, every C) swimming, a D) swimming, every( ) 7. You must _____ to catch fish here near the pond. A) not try B) try not C) not to try D) to try not( ) 8. When we _____ on the airconditioner in summer, we feel more fortable. A) sit B) put C) turn D) open( ) 9. Would you mind _____ the window ? A) my closing B) my close C) to close D) for close( )10. The teacher kept the pupils ______ for five hours. A) waiting B) to wait C) to waiting D) waits( )11. Mr. Green _____ China for six years. A) has been in B) has been to C) has e to D) has gone to( )12. They could hardly understand what the engineer said, ______? A) couldn39。t they B) didn39。t they C) could they D) did they( )13. Tell him _____ afraid of dogs. A) not be B) not to be C) don39。t be D) won39。t be( )14. If he _____ here tomorrow, please tell him when his uncle _____. A) will e, es B) es, es C) es, will e D) will e, will e( )15. The postage on the parcel _____ me a lot of money. A) took B) spend C) paid D) cost( )16. Have you _____ who took away your key ? A) found B) found out C) looked for D) got( )17. Paris isn39。t the capital of Britain, is it ? _____. A) Yes, it is B) No, it isn39。t C) Yes, it isn39。t D) No, it is( )18. The boss made the workers _____ for hours. A) work B) to work C) working D) works( )19. My hope is _____ an engineer in 10 years39。 time. A) bee B) to bee C) being D) became( )20. We will go to the factory to work for _____. A) sometimes B) some time C) some times D) sometime( )21. Which subject do you _____, English or maths ? A) like best B) prefer best C) like most D) prefer( )22. If it is true, it _____ many interesting questions. A) is raised B) rose C) raises D) rises( )23. Please your hands if you’ve got the answer. A) put up B) set up C) get up D) make up( )24. By the age of ten, the little girl her first collection of poems. She’s now very famous. A) has published B) had published C) published D) would publish( )25. Mary should _____ at once.A) operate on B) be operated C) be operated on D) operate( )26. Do you mind my using your dictionary for a while? _____.A) Of course not B) Yes, please C) It doesn39。t matter D) Yes, here you are( )27. Where _____? To the teachers39。 office.A) have you gone B) has he gone C) is he going to D) have you been to( )28. Please _____ make the same mistake again, Tom. A) don’t try to B) try don’t to C) try to not D) try not to( )29. Q: _____ you _____ Jim this morning? A: Yes. I _____ him just now. A) Have…seen, saw B) Did…see, saw C) Have…seen, have seen D)