【正文】 免（B C ）。A近因原則 B代位原則 C分?jǐn)傇瓌t D可保利益原則 E實(shí)際損失原則，保險(xiǎn)可分為（AD ）A原保險(xiǎn) B不定額保險(xiǎn) C定額保險(xiǎn) D再保險(xiǎn) E超額保險(xiǎn)（ＣＤ）A保險(xiǎn)人 B投保人 C被保險(xiǎn)人 D受益人 E保險(xiǎn)代理人（BCD）A債權(quán)人 B債務(wù)人 C本人 D父母、子女 E兄弟、姐妹（A B ）。A文義解釋 B意圖解釋 C學(xué)理解釋 D補(bǔ)充解釋 E自由解釋，投保人對（.A B C ）具有可保利益。A擁有所有權(quán)的財(cái)產(chǎn) B抵押財(cái)產(chǎn) C保管的他人財(cái)產(chǎn) D已出售的財(cái)產(chǎn) E留置財(cái)產(chǎn)（AD E）。A一般由投保人向保險(xiǎn)人提出投保要求B一般由保險(xiǎn)人向投保人提出投保要求C一般由保險(xiǎn)代理人代投保人向保險(xiǎn)人提出投保要求D一般由保險(xiǎn)人予以承諾E一般由保險(xiǎn)代理人向投保人作出承諾表示，下列險(xiǎn)種中，適用代位求償原則的有（ABC ）A汽車保險(xiǎn) B信用保險(xiǎn) C貨物運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn) D死亡保險(xiǎn) E意外傷害保險(xiǎn)（ .ABD ）A它是一種合理分擔(dān)金 B它是一種責(zé)任準(zhǔn)備金C它是一種集中形式的后備基金 D它是一種返還性基金E它是一種分散形式的后備基金，財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)可分為（ BE ）A定額保險(xiǎn) B定值保險(xiǎn)C足額保險(xiǎn) D不足額保險(xiǎn) E不定值保險(xiǎn)E它是一種分散形式的后備基金四、判斷題（正確的在括號內(nèi)標(biāo)√,錯誤的在括號內(nèi)標(biāo)）。（√ ）。（ ），在訂立保險(xiǎn)合同時，投保人對保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的沒有保險(xiǎn)利益也可投保。（ ）。（ ），保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的所有利益歸保險(xiǎn)人所有，若保險(xiǎn)利益超過賠償，則超過部分退還被保險(xiǎn)人。（√ ），但在法律上效力不如一般保險(xiǎn)單。（ ）。（ √ ）、企業(yè)和政府三方面合理負(fù)擔(dān)。（ ）。（ ）“社會公平”原則。（ ），即損失、無損失和盈利。（ ）。（ ）。（√ ）（ √ ）。（√ ）。（ ），保險(xiǎn)代理人所知曉的事情都視作保險(xiǎn)人已知。（ √ ）。（√ ），由被保險(xiǎn)人的法定繼承人領(lǐng)取保險(xiǎn)金，并作為遺產(chǎn)處理。（√ ），可運(yùn)用其繳存的保證金。（ ）21. 被保險(xiǎn)人生前的債權(quán)人有權(quán)從受益人領(lǐng)取的保險(xiǎn)中獲得債務(wù)的清償。（ . ）、重復(fù)保險(xiǎn)和共同保險(xiǎn)都是同一風(fēng)險(xiǎn)由兩個以上的保險(xiǎn)人來承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。（ √ ）。（ ），保險(xiǎn)利益是人的生命和身體。（√ ）。（√ ），保險(xiǎn)合同即告成立并生效。（√ ），允許變更被保險(xiǎn)人。（ ）。（√ ）。（√ ）。（ ）。（ ）。（√ ）。（ √ ），取代中國人民銀行行使保險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管職責(zé)。（ .√ ），則保險(xiǎn)賠償應(yīng)以實(shí)際損失為準(zhǔn)。（√ ）。（ √ ），受益人才享有受益權(quán)。（ . ）。（ ）、彌補(bǔ)公司經(jīng)營虧損。（ ），享有受益權(quán)而無須承擔(dān)任何義務(wù)。（√ ）請您刪除一下內(nèi)容，O(∩_∩)O謝謝?。。?016年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released from nerve endings (terminals) in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems. It is synthesized within the nerve terminal from choline, taken up from the tissue fluid into the nerve ending by a specialized transport mechanism. The enzyme necessary for this synthesis is formed in the nerve cell body and passes down the axon to its end, carried in the axoplasmic flow, the slow movement of intracellular substance (cytoplasm). Acetylcholine is stored in the nerve terminal, sequestered in small vesicles awaiting release. When a nerve action potential reaches and invades the nerve terminal, a shower of acetylcholine vesicles is released into the junction (synapse) between the nerve terminal and the ‘effector’ cell which the nerve activates. This may be another nerve cell or a muscle or gland cell. Thus electrical signals are converted to chemical signals, allowing messages to be passed between nerve cells or between nerve cells and nonnerve cells. This process is termed ‘chemical neurotransmission’ and was first demonstrated, for nerves to the heart, by the German pharmacologist Loewi in 1921. Chemical transmission involving acetylcholine is known as ‘cholinergic’. Acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions. At this type of synapse, the nerve terminal is closely apposed to the cell membrane of a muscle fibre at the socalled motor end plate. On release, acetylcholine acts almost instantly, to cause a sequence of chemical and physical events (starting with depolarization of the motor endplate) which cause contraction of the muscle fibre. This is exactly what is required for voluntary muscles in which a rapid response to a mand is required. The action of acetylcholine is terminated rapidly, in around 10 milliseconds。 an enzyme (cholinesterase) breaks the transmitter down into choline and an acetate ion. The choline is then available for reuptake into the nerve terminal. These same principles apply to cholinergic transmission at sites other than neuromuscular junctions, although the structure of the synapses differs. In the autonomic nervous system these include nervetonerve synapses at the relay stations (ganglia) in both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions, and the endings of parasympathetic nerve fibres on nonvoluntary (smooth) muscle, the heart, and glandular cells。 in response to activation of this nerve supply, smooth muscle contracts (notably in the gut), the frequency of heart beat is slowed, and glands secrete. Acetylcholine is also an important transmitter at many sites in the brain at nervetonerve synapses. To understand how acetylcholine brings about a variety of effects in different cells it is necessary to understand membrane receptors. In postsynaptic membranes (those of the cells on which the nerve fibres terminate) there are many different sorts of receptors and some are receptors for acetylcholine. These are protein molecules that react specifically with acetylcholine in a reversible fashion. It is the plex of receptor bined with acetylcholine which brings about a biophysical reaction, resulting in the response from the receptive cell. Two major types of acetylcholine receptors exist in the membranes of cells. The type in skeletal muscle is known as ‘nicotinic’。 in glands, smooth muscle, and the heart they are ‘muscarinic’。 and there are some of each type in the brain. These terms are used because nicotine mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors, whereas muscarine, an alkaloid from the mushroom Amanita muscaria, mimics the action of acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter produced by neurons referred to as cholinergic neurons. In the peripheral nervous system acetylcholine plays a role in skeletal muscle movement, as well as in the regulation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. In the central nervous system acetylcholine is believed to be involved in learning, memory, and mood. Acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl coenzyme A through the action of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase and bees packaged into membraneboundvesicles. After the arrival of a nerve signal at the termination of an axon, the vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, causing the release of acetylcholine into thesynaptic cleft. For the nerve signal to continue, acetylcholine must diffuse to another nearby neuron or muscle cell, where it will bind and activate areceptor1