【正文】 ary school is about three thousand。 ______ of them are girls. A. A number of。 two third B. The number of。 two thirds C. A number of。 two thirds D. The number of。 two third第5講 形容詞和副詞形容詞一般在句子中充當定語、表語、補語，有時也充當狀語；副詞在句子中充當狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、詞組和句子，還可充當表語和補語。v 初高中銜接相關知識形容詞和副詞是中學英語學習中的一個重要組成部分，在初中只要熟練掌握形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別以及形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級即可。而在高中除此之外，還應掌握兩個以上形容詞作定語時的排列順序，考查方式主要是選擇題。一、用形容詞表示類別和整體1. 某些形容詞和形容詞性的分詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人，與謂語動詞的復數(shù)形式連接。如：the dead, the rich, the poor, the blind, the wounded（傷員）等2. 有關國家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個民族的整體，與動詞的復數(shù)連用。如：the British, the English, the French, the Chinese二、多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序多個形容詞修飾名詞時，其順序為：限定詞數(shù)詞描繪詞（大小，長短，形狀，新舊，顏色）出處材料性質，類別名詞，如：a small round table/ a tall gray building/ a dirty old brown shirt/ a famous German medical school三、形容詞和副詞變?yōu)楸容^級或最高級形式【注意】（1）副詞的最高級形式前的the往往可以省略，如：He runs (the) fastest in his class.（2）以ly結尾的派生詞的比較級和最高級形式一般都在原詞前加上more或most四、可修飾比較級的詞a bit, a little, rather, much, many, far, by far, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even, no, any等。還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。以上詞（除by far）外，必須置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。五、兼有兩種形式的副詞1. close, closelyclose“近”；closely“仔細地”。如：He is sitting close to me. / Watch him closely.2. late, latelylate“晚”；lately“最近”。如：You have e too late. / What have you been doing lately?3. free, freelyfree“免費”；freely“無限制地，自由地”。如：You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. / You may speak freely。 say what you like.4. deep, deeplydeep“深”，表示空間深度；deeply“深深地”，常表示感情上的深度。如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud. / Even father was deeply moved by the film.252。 類似的詞還有high與highly（high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于much，如：The plane was flying high. / I think highly of your opinion.）以及wide與widely（wide表示空間寬度；widely“廣泛地”，“在許多地方”，如：He opened the door wide. / English is widely used in the world.）六、many, old, far1. 如果后接名詞時，much more+不可數(shù)名詞/ many more+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。2. old 有兩種比較級和最高級形式：older/ oldest 和 elder/ eldest(只用于兄弟姐妹的長幼關系)。如：My elder brother is an engineer. / Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.3. far有兩種比較級：farther和further。在英國英語中兩者都可指距離。在美國英語中，farther表示距離，further表示進一步。如：I will go to college for further education in three years. 三年后我要到大學去進一步深造。七、和more 有關的詞組1. the more…the more…越…就越…，如：The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.2. more B than A 與其說A不如說B，如：He is more lazy than slow at his work.=He is less slow than lazy at his work.3. no more…than… 與…一樣…，不比…多，相當于“和……一樣少/矮等”，如：He is no taller than me. = He is as short as me. 另外，no more than詞組的意思是“僅僅”，如：no more than five years old.4. more than 不只是，非常；但 more than+名詞或數(shù)詞時指“多于，超過”，如：more than five books178。 典型例題：1. Mr. Smith owns ______ collection of coins than anyone else I have met. A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large2. —I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down. —You can never be ______ careful in the street. A. much B. very C. so D. too3. —I’m very _____ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. —Mm, it does have a _____ smell. A. pleasant。 pleased B. pleased。 pleased C. pleasant。 pleasant D. pleased。 pleasant4. Four of Robert’s children were at the party, including ______, Luke. A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one5. According to the recent survey, cancer is the leading cause of death among young adults in this area, ___ women. A. clearly B. especially C. exactly D. probably6. After three days’ careful treatment, the old man was _____ to go home. A. enough good B. good enough C. well enough D. enough well7. The price of this puter is the ____ of the three. A. smallest B. biggest C. highest D. tallest8. Beijing, the capital of China, is one of ____ cities in the world. A. the biggest B. bigger C. much bigger D. big9. You may be _____ if you have a ____ problem. A. exciting。 excited B. excited。 exciting C. worrying。 worried D. worried。 worrying10. The _____ house seems as if it hasn’t been lived for years. A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little第6講 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（一）動詞時態(tài)現(xiàn)代英語語法將傳統(tǒng)語法所說的“時態(tài)（Tense）”分成了兩部分：即“時（Tense）”和“體（Aspect）”。“時”是指謂語動詞發(fā)生或存在于不同時間的變化形式，而“體”則指動作進行或過程處于什么狀態(tài)的變化形式。v 初高中銜接相關知識對于動詞時態(tài)這部分內(nèi)容，學生在初中階段應主要掌握一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成進行時、一般將來時、一般過去時等的運用。在高中的學習中，在此基礎之上還要掌握過去完成進行時和將來進行時等知識，其考查的題型多以選擇題、完成句子、完形填空以及書面表達的形式出現(xiàn)，在高考中的比值較重。216。 英語時態(tài)用共有十六種時態(tài)，其中常用的有8種，它們是：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時、過去完成時和過去將來時。（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的基本用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用?！? 時間狀語： every…, sometimes,　at…, on Sunday　 I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實?！? The earth moves around the sun.　 Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中?！? Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性?！? I don39。t want so much.5) 某些動詞如 e, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start 等，在一般現(xiàn)在時句中可用來表示將來肯定會發(fā)生的動作。 The train es at 3 o39。clock. 6) 在時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中，一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。 　　 I39。ll help you as soon as you have problem. 　　 Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him. （2）一般過去時的用法： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動作或情況，通常一般過去式帶有表示動作時間狀語的詞，詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚時可以不帶時間狀語。I worked in that factory last year.【注意】1) 過去經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作，也可用used to或would加動詞原形來表達，例如： I used to go fishing on Sundays. 2) “used to”也可用于表示過去曾經(jīng)存在過的狀態(tài)。例如： This river used to be clean.（3）一般將來時的用法1）表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：I shall attend the meeting tomorrow.2）表示將來反復發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：He will go to see his mother every Saturdays.　 3）表示將來的意愿，決心，許諾， 命令等時常用will，征求對方意見，主語是第一人稱時，常用shall?！　? I will do my best to catch up with them. 　　 Shall I open the door?4）be +