高中英語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)講解-資料下載頁
2025-04-04 01:58本頁面
【正文】 過去完成時(shí)：had been + 過去分詞The fire had been put out when the firefighters arrived.8. 將來完成時(shí)：will/ shall have been + 過去分詞Will all the photos have been developed by tomorrow?9. 過去將來時(shí)：would/ should be + 過去分詞The headmaster said he would be met by the mayor.二、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的常用被動(dòng)句式主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 過去分詞 +...The puter might be repaired by tomorrow.三、常用的被動(dòng)語態(tài)句式結(jié)構(gòu)1. get + 過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)英語中g(shù)et + 過去分詞也構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。其中g(shù)et 與be + 過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中的be一樣，都起助動(dòng)詞的作用。但get多用于口語，并且其后不能跟by + 執(zhí)行者，這種結(jié)構(gòu)常用于談?wù)撏蝗话l(fā)生的、出乎意料的事件，如get dressed, get killed等。He got/ was drunk for the first time in his life that night.2. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式高考重點(diǎn)考察動(dòng)名詞和不定式的被動(dòng)形式。找準(zhǔn)非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是做題的關(guān)健。The girl is afraid of being scolded by her mother.（scold和它的邏輯主語the girl之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系）The book seems to have been published last year.（publish和它的邏輯主語the book 之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系）四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者：當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，將承受者作為談話的中心時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這類句子常有一個(gè)by引導(dǎo)的短語說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，有時(shí)也可沒有。This poem was written by Whitman.2. 淡化動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者：當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是泛指時(shí)（如people, one等），常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。He is suspected robbing the bank.3. 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是無生命的事物： He was seriously wounded by a rolling stone.4. 某些習(xí)慣用法：有些習(xí)慣用法常以被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式出現(xiàn)。I am determined to do better than Mike.五 使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1. 某些連系動(dòng)詞，如look, feel, sound, taste, smell, appear, seem, prove等，可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。The trip to the beautiful island this summer sounds really exciting. 。His plan proved (to be) practical.2. 有一類經(jīng)常用作及物動(dòng)詞的詞，如burn, wash, wear, close, read, write, sell, open, lock, shut,clean, draw, cut, translate等, 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)事物本身的特點(diǎn)、特征、性能等，常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。（to blame, to let等也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義）The pen writes smoothly.Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire.3. be worth后常接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting.4. need, want, require, deserve等動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。（句中主語是動(dòng)名詞意義上的賓語。若動(dòng)名詞是不及物的，其后應(yīng)加相應(yīng)的介詞。Most house plants require regular watering.The boy is always ready to help others and deserves making friends with.5. 有些形容詞后接不定式作狀語時(shí)，常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。此類形容詞有easy, hard,difficult, cheap, expensive, fit, nice, good, funny, exciting, light, heavy, dangerous, fortable,，其后要加相應(yīng)多的介詞。The man is difficult to deal with.6. 有些介詞短語作表語，其主動(dòng)形式含有被動(dòng)意義。under construction 在施工中 beyond belief 令人難以置信beyond one39。s reach 鞭長莫及 beyond one39。s control 失控beyond our hope 我們始料不及 for sale 出售for rent 出租 in print 在印刷中The question is now under discussion.The rumor is beyond belief. ( can39。t be believed).注意：不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情形系動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞（短語）無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，常見的有appear, disappear, die, end (vi. 結(jié)束）,fail, happen, take place, break out, occur, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, e true, fall asleep,keep silence, lose heart等。The meeting lasted five hours before it ended.被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意義，這些 done的形態(tài)的動(dòng)詞形容詞性化。be seated, be lost, be drunk, be dressed, be devoted，be determined, be worried, be located, be exposed , be involved等表示狀態(tài)8
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