【正文】 e, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)表示。如：I had meant to e, but something happened. 我本想來，但有事就沒有來。I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想發(fā)言，但時(shí)間不允許。We had hoped that you would e to see us, but you didn39。t. 我們本想你來看我們的，但你沒有來。We had thought to return early but they wouldn39。t let us go. 我們本想早回來的，但他們不讓我們走。若不至于引導(dǎo)誤解，有時(shí)也可用以上動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)表示“本想”。如：I thought I could go, but I can’t. 我原以為我能去，但我（現(xiàn)在）去不了。I meant to reason with you, but you won39。t reason. 我本想和你講道理，但你不肯講道理。He hoped to e with us, but he was too busy. 他本想同我們一起來的，但他太忙了。4. 用hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 的過去式后接完成式不定式表示I expected to have e early, but I missed the early bus. 我本來想早點(diǎn)來的，但未趕上早班車。I meant to have told you about it earlier, but I could not e. 我本想早點(diǎn)把這事告訴你，但是我來不及了。比較同義表達(dá)：We had intended to go to London.=We intended to have gone to London. 我們本來打算到倫敦去的。5. 用would have done 表示。如：I would have written before, but I have been ill. 我本想給你寫信的，但我生病了。I would have preferred a bed, but beggars can’t be choosers so I slept on the sofa. 我本想要張床, 但是叫花子不能挑肥揀瘦, 所以我就睡在沙發(fā)上了。6. 用should [would] like [love] have done 表示。如：I should like to have seen it (but it wasn39。t possible). 我本想事前看到的(但這不可能)。I would like to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 昨晚我本想去參加晚會(huì)的，但我要加班寫一個(gè)報(bào)告。in the past通常連用什么時(shí)態(tài)in the past的意思是“在過去”，所連用的時(shí)態(tài)有以下幾點(diǎn)值得注意：1. 如果是用作時(shí)間狀語，可連用一般過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，兩者的區(qū)別是：用一般過去時(shí)，客觀地?cái)⑹鲞^去的情況；用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在影響。如：In the past he had to read by candlelight. 過去他只得在燭光下攻讀。I’ve been there many times in the past. 我從前去過那兒很多次。2. 如果是用于名詞后作定語，句子時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)情況選用。如：He could remember events far back in the past. 他能記得很早以前的事情。He will never forget his miserable childhood in the past. 他永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了自己過去的悲慘的童年。the other day通常連用什么時(shí)態(tài)the other day的意思是“幾天前”，相當(dāng)于a few days ago，所以通常與一般過去時(shí)態(tài)連用。如：He caught a bad cold the other day. 幾天前他患了重感冒。He left for Shanghai the other day. 他幾天前去上海了。I got an from Jim the other day. 早幾天我收到吉姆一封電子郵件。注意它修飾非謂語動(dòng)詞的情況。如：The man speaking to us the other day has gone to Japan. 那天同我們講話的那個(gè)人到日本去了。(句中的speaking等于who spoke)類似的還有the other night（幾天前的一個(gè)晚上）。如：I happened to see Alice the other night . 幾天前一個(gè)晚上我碰巧看見了艾麗斯。one day與some day所連用的時(shí)態(tài)有何區(qū)別one day與some day均可用作狀語，表示“有一天”，但兩者所連用句子時(shí)態(tài)稍有區(qū)別： 1. one day可指過去或?qū)?，即可用于過去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)。如：One day the temperature was 30℃. 有一天溫度達(dá)到30攝氏度。I will [am going to] climb that mountain one day. 總有一天我要爬那座山。One day people will be able to go to the moon on holiday. 總有一天人們可以到月球上去度假。2. some day通常只指將來，即只用于將來時(shí)態(tài)。如：We’re all going to be old some day. 總有一天我們都會(huì)老的。Some day I’ll e back and marry her. 總有一天我要回來娶她。注：有時(shí)雖然不是將來時(shí)態(tài)，但句子意思表示的是將來意義。如：You’re sure to regret one day. 你準(zhǔn)有一天會(huì)后悔。I want to get married one day. But before that, I want to travel. 總有一天我要結(jié)婚。但在那之前，我要旅游。另外，在特定語境中some day有時(shí)可指過去將來。如：I never realized that some day I would be living in China. 我從未想到將來有一天會(huì)在中國居住。forget的時(shí)態(tài)問題一、用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)forget用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示暫時(shí)忘了或一時(shí)記不起。如：I forget who told me this. 我忘了這是誰告訴我的。Oh, I forget where she lives. 啊，我忘了她在哪兒住了。二、用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示遺忘的徹底性，即忘得精光。如：I39。ve forgotten where I put it. 我忘了把它放在哪兒了。I39。ve forgotten her telephone number. 我忘了她的電話號(hào)碼了。三、用一般過去時(shí)用于一般過去時(shí)，指“過去”忘記。如：I forgot to ask Tom. 我忘了去問湯姆。To my shame, I forgot his birthday. 我把他的生日忘了，真不好意思。since可與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之外的時(shí)態(tài)連用嗎1. 當(dāng)since表示“自從”時(shí)，不管它是用作介詞、連詞還是副詞，它都通常要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。如：I’ve worn glasses since my childhood. 我從小就戴眼鏡。The works have been closed since January. 一月份以來這些廠就關(guān)閉了。He’s put on a lot of weight since he gave up smoking. 他戒煙后體重增加了許多。Nothing has happened since. 從那以后未發(fā)生什么事。She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper. 她去年五月到倫敦 此后一直在報(bào)社工作。有時(shí)連用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：He has been working since noon. 他從中午就開始工作了。2. 在以下情況下可以連用除完成時(shí)態(tài)外的其他時(shí)態(tài)：①當(dāng)主句表示“多長時(shí)間”時(shí)，動(dòng)詞可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（當(dāng)然也可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）。如：It’s a long time since I met you last. 好久不見了。It’s just a week since we arrived here. 我們到這里才一個(gè)星期。It’s a long time since I met you last. 從上次見到你，已有很長時(shí)間了。以上各句的it is也可換成 it has been，不過在口語或非正式文體中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的情形比較普遍。②當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞為seem, appear等連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：It seems like years since we last met. 我們似乎幾年未見面了。 It seems like years since I last saw you. 從上次見到你以來好像已經(jīng)有許多年了。③當(dāng)主句和從句表示情況“變化”時(shí)。如：She doesn’t e round to see us so much since her marriage. 自從結(jié)了婚，她不怎么過來看我們了。（原來經(jīng)常來，結(jié)婚后就不怎么來了）Since he went on that course he thinks he knows everything. 自從他選了那門課程，他就認(rèn)為自己什么都懂了。（原來不認(rèn)為自己什么都懂，但選了那門課程后就認(rèn)為自己什么都懂了）so far必須要連用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)嗎so far是否與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，與它所表示的意思有關(guān)。1. 表示“迄今”“到目前為止”時(shí)，若so far所描述的謂語是一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，則謂語動(dòng)詞通常要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：So far there has been no bad news. 到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有什么壞消息。So far the work has been easy but things may change. 到目前為止，這工作很容易，但情況可能有變化。但是，若連用so far的謂語詞作并不表示一個(gè)持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，而只是表示現(xiàn)在的一時(shí)的狀態(tài)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：We’re (lying) ninetieth in the petition so far. 到目前為止，我們在比賽中排名第90。另外，有時(shí)so far并非描述謂語動(dòng)作，而是間接地說明句中的某個(gè)名詞，此時(shí)的句子謂語需要具體語境來使用時(shí)態(tài)。如：Production so far this year is on target. 今年到目前為止生產(chǎn)已達(dá)到指標(biāo)。She gave us a brief resume of the project so far. 她給了我們一份該項(xiàng)目迄今歷程的簡介。2. 表示“僅到一定程度”“僅在有限的范圍內(nèi)”“如此之遠(yuǎn)”等時(shí)，不一定要連用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而應(yīng)根據(jù)句意的需要使用合適的時(shí)態(tài)。如：I trust you only so far and no further. 我對(duì)你的信任只到這一程度。 We may as well finish the job, now that we’ve got so far with it. 我們已干到這個(gè)程度了，不妨把這工作干完。My mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her. 我母親住得那么遠(yuǎn)，我們很少見到她。This is the first time后的從句通常用什么時(shí)態(tài)請看題：—Do you know our town at all? —No，this is the first time I __________ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am ing 【分析】此題應(yīng)選B。這與句中的this is the first time有關(guān)：一般說來，在It [This] is the first time＋that結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：It’s the first time (that) the boy has spoken to a foreigner. 這個(gè)男孩還是第一次同外國人說話。It’s the first time that she’s seen an elephant. 這是她第一次見到大象。有時(shí)以上結(jié)構(gòu)中的 first 也可換成 second，third，fourth 等；其中的time也可換成其他名詞：It’s the first month that he has lived here. 這是他第一個(gè)月住在這里。This is the second cigarette that he has smoked today. 這是他今天抽的第二支煙。若It was the first time that結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句通常用過去完成時(shí)，有時(shí)也用一般過去時(shí)，有時(shí)若有包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語，偶爾還可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：I was lucky because that was the second time I (had) visited Japan t