【正文】 arisen.We have had an enormous amount of help from people.They spent a great deal of money on this project.9. It seemed as if the world was at an end!It seems (to sb) that / as if… （對某人來說）似乎…，as if后面可用虛擬語氣seem to be / like + n. … 似乎…，好像…seem to be doing sth / to have done sth 好像正在做 / 已經(jīng)做了某事seem (to be) + n. / adj. 似乎是…There seems to be… 好像有…eg: It seems that they know what they’re doing.It always seemed as if they would get married.I seem to have left my book at home.10. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. …were left without parents是一個被動結(jié)構(gòu)，without parents是介詞短語，作主語補(bǔ)足語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。 leave作使役動詞，意為“（留下，剩下…）使…處于某狀態(tài)”。構(gòu)成的句式為：leave sth / sb + 賓補(bǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，不定式，介詞短語，副詞，形容詞）。eg: I went out and left the door unlocked.She left me waiting in the rain for an hour.The bomb blast left 25 people dead.Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern herodevote, vote, equal, escape, reward, out of work, turn to, set up, the first time1. devote vt. 獻(xiàn)身，專心于devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身，致力，專心devote…to… 把…用于…devoted adj. 忠實的，深愛的devotion n. 關(guān)愛，關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠be devoted to 深愛，致力于eg: She devoted herself to her career.They are devoted to their children.Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.2. vote vt.amp。vi. 投票，選舉 n. 投票；選票；表決vote for 投票贊成vote against 投票反對vote on 投票表決vote…down 投票擊敗，投票否決vote through 投票通過put…to the vote 付諸表決，裁決eg: Did you vote for or against her?He was voted the most promising new director.The plan was passed by 6 votes to 3.注：vote for表示“投票贊同”；vote against表示“投票反對”，類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有“be for / against；fight for / against。3. equal v. 等于；抵得上 adj. 相等的；勝任的 n. 同等的人；相等物A equals B in… A 在…方面比得上Bbe equal to + n. / doing sth 等于；與…相等；有…的能力（勇氣、力量等）勝任，能干be without equal / have no equal 無與倫比；無敵equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等，同樣eg: With his last jump he equalled the world record.There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.He is a player without equal.注：注意以下介詞的搭配：be equal to sth 勝任某事be similar to 同…相似 to sb 為某人所熟知be familiar with sth 熟悉某物be indifferent to sth 對某事不關(guān)心；不在乎be kind to sb 對某人和藹be polite to sb 對某人有禮貌be friendly to / with 對…友好4. escape v.amp。n. 逃脫；逃生；泄露escape from 從…逃脫，逃避escape death 死里逃生escape one’s notice 沒注意narrow escape 死里逃生eg: She managed to escape from the burning car.He was lucky to escape punishment.His name escapes me.注：escape后接動詞時，要用其ing形式。5. reward n. 報酬，獎金 vt. 酬勞，獎賞as a reward for 作為（對某事的）報酬 / 獎賞in reward 作為報答，作為獎賞reward sb for sth / doing sth 為（做）某事而報答某人reward sb with sth 用某物獎賞某人辨析reward / award：名詞動詞reward報酬、獎金或一些非金錢的報酬給予報酬，指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服?wù)、幫助而給予的報酬或獎賞reward sb for sth因…而報答某人 award獎品，獎金授予，頒發(fā)aware sb sth = award sth to sbeg: How can I reward your kindness?He was rewarded for his efforts with a cash bonus.You deserve a reward for being so helpful.6. out of work 失業(yè)out of business 破產(chǎn)；歇業(yè)out of control 失控out of repair 失修out of order 有毛病out of date 過時out of one’s reach 夠不著out of danger 脫險out of question 毫無疑問out of patience 失去耐心out of mind 心不在焉eg: Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見，心不念。He’s been out of work for six months.It is out of question that he will be admitted into key universities.7. turn to 求助于，致力于turn away 拒絕，不準(zhǔn)某人入內(nèi)turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身turn down 拒絕；調(diào)小turn in 上交turn off 關(guān)掉turn on 打開turn out 趕出；證明是，結(jié)果是turn over 翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)turn up 露面，出現(xiàn)；開大eg: Nobody seems to understand. I don’t know who to turn to.Paul turned to drinking alcohol to try to forget his problems at work.The job turned out (to be) harder than we thought.Why did she turn down your invitation?8. set up 設(shè)立，建立set about 開始做set apart 使與眾不同；留出；撥出（專用）set aside 把…放在一邊；省出，留出set down 寫下，記下set forth 陳述，闡明set off 出發(fā)，動身；使爆炸；引起，激發(fā)set out 出發(fā)，動身；擺放，陳列；開始，著手eg: A fund will be set up for the dead men’s families.The school has set up a special class to help poor readers.Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.注：set about doing sth = set out to do sth“開始做某事”；set out和set off表示“動身，出發(fā)”到某目的地，其后用for而不用to。9. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.句中的the first time用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“第一次…時”。名詞短語作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的有：the momentthe minute = as soon as 一…就…the instantevery time 每次 / 回…就…each time 每當(dāng)…時next time 下次…時any time （在）任何時間有時副詞也可充當(dāng)連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，它們是：instantly，immediately，directly等，相當(dāng)于as soon as。eg: Each time I called on him, he was very busy.He came to see me immediately he came back.I recognized her the moment I saw her.第 16 頁 共 16 頁