通過(guò)能源利用減緩氣候變化：節(jié)能mitigationofclimatechangethroughsounduseofenergyenergyefficiency-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-02-21 13:54本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ermal uses (8% ot TPES 2022) ? Electrical appliances, ICT systems, food refrigeration and cooking ? Standby consumption Achievable savings: – 22 TWh (9 – 25% of consumption 2022 for these uses) Thermal uses in agricolture and industry (18% of TPES 2022) ? Mainly process industries. More efficient technologies: – Cogeneration – New automation systems Achievable savings: – 4 Mtoe ( – % of present consumption Other electrical uses in industry (3% of TPES 05) ? Steel industry, chemical industry, glass, … ? Loss reduction in electricity transmission Achievable savings: 2 – 4 TWh (5 – 10% of other electricity uses and transmission losses in 2022) ? A pany aimed at performing projects for energy efficiency ? An ESCo operates by taking all the actions that can allow the depreciation of the investment costs with the savings in the operation in a third party premise. ? It uses a new approach to the energy market, basing its revenues exclusively in energy savings (no saving, no revenues). The contracts used (EPC Energy Performance Contract) give to the customer only the obligation to meter the savings and forward a share to the ESCO during all the contract length. ? EPC are made further effective by the Third Party Financing, which makes possible to finance the investments without heavy debts What is an ESCO Financing the activity of an ESCo Member States shall make model contracts for those financial instruments available to existing and potential purchasers of energy services and other energy efficiency improvement measures in the public and private sectors. ? Energy Performance Contract, (EPC): under this contract an ESCo takes the mitment to obtain a certain level of energy efficiency in the plant of the customer, withholding most of the technical and financial risks ? Third Party Financing, (TPF): an ESCO can supply the capital required for the investments through a third party from the financial sector, which is also paid with the cash flow of the savings ? Contract Energy Management, (CEM): under this contract the ESCO takes the responsibility of the whole project, in the short and long term, supplying all the technical and managerial services required for the investments and the operation of the project. The customer will cut energy and operation costs. CEM requires not only a financial capability but also a technical structure to supply Oamp。M services Main EPC contract specifications ? Investment made by the ESCo ? Contract length ? Achievable savings ? Baseline definition ? Methods for metering and verification ? Maintenance and update of the equipments ? Changes of the baseline Third Party Financing (TPF) ? The use of thirdparty financing arrangements is an innovative practice that should be stimulated. In these, the beneficiary avoids investment costs by using part of the financial value of energy savings that result from the third party39。s investment to repay the third party39。s investment and interest costs ? TPF aims at financing the installation of technical equipments for improving the energy efficiency, recovering the investment with the energy saved. The savings themselves are the guarantee of the reimbursement for the financing party. ? The financing party can be remunerated according to the following schemes: ? Shared saving ? First out ? Guaranteed saving ? Pay from savings contracts Source: IEA – OECD – Energy Technology Perspectives (2022) Scenarios and strategies to 2050 Share of industry in global CO2 emission reductions relative to Baseline, 2050 Source: IEA – OECD – Energy Technology Perspectives (2022) Scenarios and strategies to 2050 Energy efficiency of various cementclinker production technologies Source: IEA – OECD – Energy Technology Perspectives (2022) Scenarios and strategies to 2050 Pathways toward costpetitiveness for industrial technologies Mitigation of Climate Change through Sound Use of Energy: Energy Efficiency Beijing, October 19, 2022
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