【正文】 him. He bought her a watch. 他給她買了一塊表。 → A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. 3. 被動語態(tài)的時態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)由被動結(jié)構(gòu)“ be+過去分詞”中的動詞 be來體現(xiàn)， 其基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法如下： (1) 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)： am [is, are]+過去分詞 English is taught in our school. 我們學(xué)校學(xué)英語。 We are taken good care of at school. 我們在學(xué)校受到很好的照顧。 (2) 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)： was [were]+過去分詞 He was taken to the police station. 他被帶到了警察局。 The house was built ten years ago. 這座房子是 10年前建的。 (3) 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)： will be+過去分詞 A new building will be built here soon. 不久這里將建一棟新樓。 被動語態(tài) The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 會議將于今天下午 2點舉行。 (4) 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)： have [has]been+過去分詞 All the work has been done now. 所有的工作現(xiàn)在都做好了。 Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了嗎？ (5) 過去完成時的被動語態(tài)： had been+過去分詞 He said the work had been finished. 他說工作已完成了。 (6) 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)： am [is, are] being+過去分詞 My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理。 The plan is now being discussed. 計劃現(xiàn)在正在討論。 (7) 過去進行時的被動語態(tài)： was [were] being+過去分詞 He said that the man was being operated on. 他說那個人正在動手術(shù)。 He told me that a new station was being built. 他說正在修建一個新車站。 (8) 過去將來時的被動語態(tài)： would be+過去分詞 He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他說會議將于下周舉于。 被動語態(tài) 4. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動形式 若主動語態(tài)中謂語含有情態(tài)動詞，在相應(yīng)的被動語態(tài)中通常應(yīng)保留該情 態(tài)動詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動詞 +be+過去分詞”： Everyone must know this. → This must be known by everyone. 請看以下帶情態(tài)動詞被動句實例： This can’t be done in a short time. 這不是短期內(nèi)可以完成的。 Can this be done by machine? 這可以由機器來做嗎 ? The work must be done at once. 這工作必須馬上做了。 5。簡略公式如下： 1： do/does am/is/are done 2： did was/were done 3： will do will be done 4： have/has done have/has been done 被動語態(tài) 5： had done had been done 6： am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 7： was/were doing was/were being done 8： can/must/have to do can/must/have to be done 被動語態(tài) 把下列句子變成被動語態(tài) people gave me some money last week. are paying close attention to present news . are spending more money on food today. am building a new hospital in the city. people have planted the beautiful flowers . 把下列句子變成被動語態(tài) . little boy plays the piano everyday. am making a cake now. girl will buy a car tomorrow. have finished my homework already. my mum came back, I had cooked the dinner. 賓語從句 一：賓語從句的概念：賓語從句在主句中作賓語。 二：句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 +謂語 +賓語（賓語從句） 三：種類：四種 1. 當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時，連詞由 that引導(dǎo)，因為 that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有具體意思，因此在口語常省略 She says (that) she will e tomorrow. 在主句為動詞 be加某些形容詞（如 sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句 I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . 2. 當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞 whether或 if引導(dǎo)，譯為：“是否”，具有一定 的意義，所以不能省略 . She asked me ,Can I borrow these books? She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books . 賓語從句 3. 當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（ what, who, whom, which, whose）或連接副詞（ when, where, how, why）引導(dǎo)，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔(dān) 任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略 She asked, Where is the post office? She asked where the post office was. 帶 how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday. ask ab. to do / ask sb. not to do tell sb. to do/tell sb. not to do My mum said, Stand up ! My mum asked me to stand up. = My mum told me to stand up. Peter said, Don39。t touch the puter ! Peter asked me not to touch the puter.= Peter told me not to touch…. 賓語從句 四、時態(tài) 1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時 ,現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定 ,(包括一般現(xiàn)在時 ,一般過去時 ,一般將來時 ,現(xiàn)在完成時等 ) I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . (包括一般過去時 ,過去進行時 ),那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時 ,過去進行時 ,過去將來時 ,過去完成時 ) I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. ，定義，公理，定理時用一般現(xiàn)在時。 The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun . 五、語序 賓語從句的語序用陳述語序： 連接詞 +主語 +謂語 +其他成分 She wants to know where will Bob go. She wants to know where Bob will go. 賓語從句 六：注意事項 ,而不是過去式 ,因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況用不同時態(tài)。 Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ? Would you like to know when he will e back ? 2. 如果主句的謂語動詞是 ask時，連詞不可能是 that；如果主句的謂語動詞是 say時，連詞用 that 3. 如果從句中含有 or或 or not時，只能用 whether而不用 if 4. 直接引語變間接引語時注意主句是 賓語從句 “時態(tài)變化（直接）” 間接 do/does did am/is/are was/were did had done was/were had been will do would do am/is/are+doing was/were+doing have/has done had done can could may might must had to 賓語從句 thisthat thesethose nowthen tomorrowthe next day/the following day yesterdaythe day before the day before yesterdaytwo days ago the day after tomorrowtwo days later last nightthe night before tomorrow nightthe next/following night 賓語從句 賓語從句專項訓(xùn)練 I．從下列 A、 B、 C、 D中選擇一個正確選項填空。 1． I don39。t know ___ he will e tomorrow． __ he es， I39。ll tell you． A． if； Whether B． whether； Whether C． if； That D． if； If 2． I don39。t know _________ the day after tomorrow． A． when does he e B． how will he e C． if he es D． whether he39。ll e 3． Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？ A． what B． how C． whether D． where 4． Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？ A． how did he mend B． what did he mend C． how he mended D． what he mended 賓語從句 5． I want to know _________ ． A． whom is she looking after B． whom she is looking C． whom is she looking D． whom she is looking after 6． Do you know where _________ now？ A． he lives B． does he live C． he lived D． did he live 7． Do you know what time _________ ？ A． the train