【正文】 telligence, high efficiency and high reliability! Because of the cost of singlechip is sensitive, so the dominant software or the lowest level assembly language, which is in addition to the lowest level for more than binary machine code of the language, since such a lowlevel so why should we use? Many of the senior39。s language has reached a level of visual programming Why is it not in use? The reason is simple, that is, singlechip puter as there is no home of CPU, also not as hard as the mass storage device. A visualization of small highlevel language program, even if there is only one button which will reach the size of dozens of K! For the home PC39。s hard drive is nothing, but in terms of the singlechip microputer is unacceptable. Singlechip in the utilization of hardware resources have to do very high, so the pilation of the original while still in heavy use. The same token, if the puter giant39。s operating system and applications run up to get the home PC, home PC can not afford to sustain the same. It can be said that the twentieth century across the three power of the times, that is, the electrical era, the electronic age and has now entered the puter age. However, such a puter, usually refers to a personal puter, or PC. It consists of the host, keyboards, displays and other ponents. There is also a type of puter, not how most people are familiar with. This puter is smart to give a variety of mechanical singlechip (also known as microcontroller). As the name suggests, these puter systems use only the minimum of an integrated circuit to make a simple calculation and control. Because of its small size, are usually charged with possession of machine in the belly in. It in the device, like the human mind plays a role, it is wrong, the entire device was paralyzed. Now, this single chip has a very wide field of use, such as smart meters, realtime industrial control, munications equipment, navigation systems, and household appliances. Once a variety of products with the use of the singlechip, will be able to play so that the effectiveness of product upgrading, product names often adjective before the word intelligent, such as washing machines and so intelligent. At present, some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers from engaging in certain products, not the circuit is too plex, that is functional and easy to be too simple imitation. The reason may be the product not on the cards or the use of singlechip programmable logic device on the other. 3 singlechip history Singlechip 70 was born in the late 20th century, experienced a SCM, MCU, SoC three stages. Singlechip microputer that (Single Chip Microputer) stage, is mainly a single form to find the best of the best embedded systems architecture. Innovation model to be successful, lay the SCM with the generalpurpose puters, a pletely different path of development. In embedded systems to create an independent development path, Intel Corporation credit. That is, microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, to highlight the target of intelligent control. It covers all areas related with the object system, therefore, the development of MCU inevitably fall on the heavy electrical, electronics manufacturers. From this point of view, Intel39。s development gradually MCU has its objective factors. MCU in the development, the most famous manufacturers when the number of Philips Corporation. Philips in embedded applications for its enormous advantages, the MCS51 from the rapid development of singlechip microputer to the microcontroller. Therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, Intel and Philips do not forget the historical merits. 3. Singlechip is an independent embedded systems development, to the MCU an important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the onchip solution。 Therefore, the development of dedicated singlechip SoC formed a natural trend. With the microelectronics technology, IC design, EDA tools development, based on the singlechip SoC design application systems will have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of singlechip microputer from a single, monolithic singlechip microcontroller extends to applications. 4 singlechip applications At present, singlechip microputer to infiltrate all areas of our lives, which is very difficult to find the area of almost no traces of singlechip microputer. Missile navigation equipment, aircraft control on a variety of instruments, puter network munications and data transmission, industrial automation, realtime process control and data processing, are widely used in a variety of smart IC card, limousine civilian security systems, video recorders, cameras, the control of automatic washing machines, as well as programcontrolled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the singlechip microputer. Not to mention the field of robot automation, intelligent instrumentation, medical equipment has been. Therefore, the singlechip learning, development and application to a large number of puter applications and intelligent control of scientists, engineers. inglechip widely used in instruments and meters, household appliances, medical equipment, aerospace, specialized equipment and the intelligent management in areas such as process control, generally can be divided into the following areas: 1. In the smart application of instrumentation Singlechip with small size, low power consumption, control, and expansion flexibility, miniaturization and ease of use, widely used in instrumentation, the bination of different types of sensors, can be realized, such as voltage, power, frequency, humidity, temperature, f