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計算機如何表達函數(shù)?-資料下載頁

2025-10-08 10:52本頁面

【導讀】計算機如何表達函數(shù)?實際中,f多樣,復雜,通常只能觀測到一些離散數(shù)據(jù);或者f過于復雜而難以運算。相同的點,為給定的某一函數(shù)類。求上的函數(shù)滿足)(xf. 定理:為n+1個節(jié)點,

  

【正文】 分段、低階插值 數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 三次樣條插值 分段低階插值,收斂性好,但光滑性不夠理想。在工業(yè)設計中, 對曲線光滑性要求高,如:流線型 設想這樣一曲線:插值,次數(shù)不高于 3次,整個曲線 2階連續(xù)導 數(shù),稱為三次樣條函數(shù)插值。 數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 每個小區(qū)間不高于 3次, ],[,)( 123 ?????? iiiiiii xxxdxcxbxaxS 1,0 ?? ni ?有 4n個未知數(shù),我們的已知條件如下: ( 0) ( 0)39。( 0) 39。( 0)39。39。( 0) 39。39。( 0)( ) ( )iiiiiiiiS x S xS x S xS x S xS x f x? ? ?? ? ?? ? ??1,1 ?? ni ?ni ,0 ??1,1 ?? ni ?1,1 ?? ni ?共 3n3+n+1=4n2個條件 數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ?m關系式 需要附加 2個條件,通常在 邊界 處給出 設 ],[,)(39。,)(39。)()(),()(,)(39。11111????? ?????????iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiixxxmxSmxSxfxSxfxSmxS 則所以,是 3次二重 Hermite插值,記 iii xxh ?? ? 1數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 213211321221121( ) [ 2( ) ] ( ) ( )1 [ 2( ) ] ( ) ( )1 ( ) ( )1 ( ) ( )i i i i iii i i iii i iii i iiS x h x x x x f xhh x x x x f xhx x x x mhx x x x mh??????? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ?數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 13131212639。39。 ( ) [ 2( ) ] ( )6 [ 2( ) ] ( )1 [ 6( ) 2 ]1 [ 6( ) 2 ]i i i iii i iii i iii i iiS x h x x f xhh x x f xhx x h mhx x h mh????? ? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ? ?由 )(39。39。)(39。39。 1 iiii xSxS ??數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 111112iii i ii i i ihhm m mh h h h?????????1 1 11 1 1( ) ( ) ( ) ( )3 i i i i i ii i i i i ih f x f x h f x f xh h h h h h? ? ?? ? ??? ??????????i? ici?1,1 ?? ni ?113 ( [ , ] [ , ] )i i i i i if x x f x x??????數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 01 1 1 12 2 2 21 1 1 1222n n n nnmmcmcmcm??????? ? ? ?????? ? ? ???? ? ? ???? ? ? ????? ? ? ???? ? ? ???? ? ? ???????兩個邊界條件 有 iiiiii cmmm ??? ?? 11 2 ?? 1,1 ?? ni ?數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ?邊值條件 (1) 固支邊界條件 nn mxSmxS ?? )(39。,)(39。 00(2) nn MxSMxS ?? )(39。39。,)(39。39。 00nnnnnnMhxxfmmMhxxfmm2],[322],[3211011010????????(3) 周期邊界條件 )(39。)(39。),(39。39。)(39。39。 00 nn xSxSxSxS ??數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ?M關系式 設 ],[,)(39。39。,)(39。39。)()(),()(,)(39。39。11111??????????????iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiixxxMxSMxSxfxSxfxSMxS 則記 iii xxh ?? ? 11139。39。( )iiiiiix x x xS x M Mhh???????三彎距法: 3次多項式導 2次后,為線性函數(shù) 數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 積分 2次 33111( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )66iii i i i iiix x x xS x M M c x x d x xhh?????? ? ? ? ? ?由 )(39。)(39。 1 iiii xSxS ??有 iiiiii dMMM ??? ?? 11 2 ?? 1,1 ?? ni ?111111( ) ( ) ( ) ( )6 6 [ , , ]i i i ii i ii i i if x f x f x f x f x x xh h h h???????? ??????? ??數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS 計算過程如下 )(, )(, )(, )(, )(, 11221100nnnnxfxxfxxfxxfxxfx???nnhhhh121??121n????121n????0112231[ , ][ , ][ , ] [ , ]nnf x xf x xf x xf x x?121?nccc?121nddd?數(shù) 學 系 University of Science and Technology of China DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS Home Work 1. 推導三次樣條函數(shù)插值在周期邊界條件下的 m和 M關系式的邊界條件
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