【導(dǎo)讀】系，強調(diào)部分概念。兩個句子并列，第一個含有be作為助動詞或bee，第二個句子中的be或bee必須省略。Conversions與increases形勢對稱，increases強調(diào)增加本身，increasing強調(diào)動作

　　

【正文】 absorb them into a city economy being ever more dependent on informationbased industries. 第八章 詞的使用和慣用法 （見到代詞就懷疑） 練習(xí)： 1. Parliament did not accord full refugee benefits to twelve of the recent immigrants because it believed that doing so 對稱原則： n. of n. like n. of n. Prep.+ n. than prep. + n. Doing sth. is still a goal of sb., as it was of sb. n. 與 what 從句 對稱 Similar to: 既不簡練又不能表達動作相似； like+n.:特點相似； (just) as+n.:作為； (just) as+句子：動作相似。 which she carefully coordinated with her narratives. 主句： BP capitalized… 就近修飾：若 requirements of I and A by… , by… 就只修飾 A 了 Yet: conj. 連接 carry amp。 was 若用定語從句，由于就近原則，只能修飾 wingspan，用并列句使主語與主句一樣 Do + so。 不能 do + it/ this/ that/… .pron would reward them for entering the country illegally. 2. The new contract forbids a strike by the transportation union. 3. Astronomers at the Palomar Observatory have discovered a distant supernova explosion, one they believe to be of a type previously unknown to science. 4. One noted economist has pared the Federal Reserve to an automobile racing through a tunnel, bouncing first off one wall, then the other。 the car may get where it is going, but people may be hurt in the process. 5. Because new small businesses are growing and are seldom in equilibrium, formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity do not apply to them in the same way as to establish big businesses. 6. There is no consensus on what role, if any, is played by acid rain in damaging or slowing the growth of forests. 7. In the traditional Japanese household,clothing could be packed flat, and so elaborate closet facilities were unnecessary 第九章 邏輯表達 1. 簡潔有效 ed 分詞短語〉定語從句（ that/ who be done，有情態(tài)動詞的定語從句不能轉(zhuǎn)換乘分詞短語）； rather than instead of。 multiplied by * times→ twiced/doubled/quadrupled… , the only thing that→ all, are doing/ do(動詞 ) are a n.（名詞） 。 no not any。 V.+a+動作性名詞 → be+ ed。 to do/ so that in order to/ that。 短的不一定是最好的，一般既不選最長的也不選最短的 . 2. 重心保持 定狀從句不可相互改；整體部分不能相互改；原句意思不能改。 3. 意思單一 修飾對象單一；平行結(jié)構(gòu)中的連接詞連接對象單一明確；使用單義詞 4. 邏輯合理 And, or 的使用 練習(xí)： 1. The technical term “pagination” refers to a process that allows editors, rather than printers, to assemble the page images that bee the metal or plastic plates used in printing. 2. According to a study by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, panies in the United States are providing job training and general education for nearly eight million people, about as many as are enrolled in the nation’s fouryear colleges and universities. 3. Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape’s and so were probably without language, a shorting that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species. 4. As people age, their concerns change as well. 5. To help preserve ancient Egyptian monuments threatened by high water tables, a Swedish engineering firm has proposed installing pumps, perhaps solar powered, to lower the underground water level and digging trenches around the bases of the stone wall. 6. Recent exactions suggest that the ancient peoples of the Italian peninsula merged the cult of Damia— a goddess of fertility and the harvest— with that of Venus. 7. Unless transplants involves identical twins, who have the same geic endowment, all patients receiving hearts or other ans must take antirejection drugs for the rest of their lives. 8. Archaeologists believe that a recently discovered chalice, which dates from the eighth century, was probably buried to keep it from being stolen by invaders. 9. Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia. forbid sth.。 forbid ab. to do sth.。 forbid doing sth.。 forbid sb. from doing。 forbid that. Believe sth. to be… 。 an explosion is of a type. 無論是 a parison between… and… 還是 pare with，都是強調(diào)兩者差異性。原文中后半句明顯在敘述兩者的共同點用 pare to: 比作 ing伴隨狀態(tài) 代詞指代要一致 。be subject to the applicability of apply to ing (damaging)強調(diào)動作， n.(damage)強調(diào)結(jié)果 Term 只能 refer to sth., 不能 is sth. Rater than instead of (口語 ) 用 As people age,不用 when. as: 強調(diào)某一時間點； when：強調(diào)過程 看清原文意思，不要只注重結(jié)構(gòu) merge with/ into/ together merge and 看清理解大意 besides/ aside from/ other than: 兩者有從屬關(guān)系 period(時期 )來作 a hundred years(數(shù)量 )的同位語 . beginning開頭因為主語是 England. Order that + 虛擬語氣（ V.）