【導(dǎo)讀】Keypoints. semicircularcanals(kiic). Reading. Nolte(4thEd),pgs325-357. Fitzgerald,pgs130-140. Kiernan(7thEd),pgs382-405. External,middleandinnerear–thebonylabyrinth. scalavestibuli,cochlearduct,scalatympani,Reissner’s. membrane,basilarmembrane,anofCorti. TheanofCorti. endolymph:. highK+,lowNa+. frequencyresponse. Ascending(central)auditorypathways. Vestibularsystem. Balance,equilibrium,headmovements. Utricleandsaccule‘STATICLABYRINTH’。Semicircularcanal(innerear)‘KINETICLABYRINTH’。Ciliaandkinocilium–。embeddedininertial. mass. Excitationwhen. deformationtowards. kinocilium. Inhibitionwhen. deformationaway. fromkinocilium. LastSlide