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【導(dǎo)讀】FRANCISK.NKRUMAH,MD,MPH,FGA. PROFESSOREMERITUS. FORMERDIRECTOR,NOGUCHIMEMORIAL. 2020).Tuberculosis. Diphtheria. Pertussis(whoopingcough). Tetanus. Poliomylitis. Measles. YellowFever. HepatitisB. Hib(haemophilus. influenzatypeB). Rotavirus(childhood. diarrhoea). EPIVACCINES. Immunization(EPI)Strategies. firstyearoflife). Case-basedSurveillance(epidemiologic,laboratory,integrated). Advocacy). logistics,injectionsafety). Service. delivery. VaccineSupply&. QualityLogistics. Advocacy&. ImmunizationSystem. goalsin2020. DTP3coverage. 0. 20. 40. 60. 80. 100. 1. 9. 8. 0. 1. 9. 8. 1. 1. 9. 8. 2. 1. 9. 8. 3. 1. 9. 8. 4. 1. 9. 8. 5. 1. 9. 8. 6. 1. 9. 8. 7. 1. 9. 8. 8. 1. 9. 8. 9. 1. 9. 9. 0. 1. 9. 9. 1. 1. 9. 9. 2. 1. 9. 9. 3. 1. 9. 9. 4. 1. 9. 9. 5. 1. 9. 9. 6. 1. 9. 9. 7. 1. 9. 9. 8. 1. 9. 9. 9. 2. 0. 0. 0. 2. 0. 0. 1. 2. 0. 0. 2. 2. 0. 0. 3. 2. 0. 0. 4. 2. 0. 0. 5. 2. 0. 0. 6. 2. 0. 0. 7. 2. 0. 0. 8. 2. 0. 0. 9. 2. 0. 1. 0. %. co. ve. ra. ge. WesternPacific. 0. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50. 60. 70. 80. 90. 100. Coveragestagnation. ≥90%. 80-89%. 50-79%. <50%. EMRO. 2020DPT32020DPT3. AFR,2020. 0. 202000. 400000. 600000. 800000. 1000000. 1202000. 1400000. 1600000. 1800000. N. ig. er. ia. E. t. hi. op. ia. R. D. C. T. an. z. an. ia. K. en. y. a. U. ga. nd. a. M. oz. am. bi. qu. e. N. ig. er. C. ôte. d'I. v. oi. re. A. ng. ol. a. C. am. er. ou. n. T. c. ha. d. Z. im. ba. bw. e. M. al. aw. i. Ghana. Z. am. bi. a. E. rit. re. a. C. on. go. M. ad. ag. as. c. ar. M. au. rit. an. ia. U. n-. i. m. m. un. i. z. e. d. c. hi. l. dr. e. n. D. P. T3. 0.00%. 20.00%. 40.00%. 60.00%. 80.00%. 100.00%. 120.00%. C. um. ul. a. t. i. v. e. %. U. n-. i. m. m. un. i. z. e. d. c. hi. l. dr. e. n). 80%ofun-
【正文】 * 2020 data only up to August Yellow fever Vaccine in EPI: Coverage performance in the African region 20202020* Cape Verde COM MAU STP EMRO Hib introduced /approved Hib not introduced Status of HepB/Hib vaccine introduction: as of 03 Dec. 2020 Hep. B Hib EMRO introduced not introduced Birth dose HepB in 44/46 (96%) Hib in 38/46 (83%) NEW VACCINES OF INTEREST IN THE AFRICA REGION ? Pneumococcal conjugate (childhood pneumonia) ? Rotavirus (childhood diarrhoea) ? Human pappiloma Virus (cervical cancer) ? Meningococcal A conjugate (epidemic meningitis) ? By the end of 2020: – At least 80% countries: 90% DPT3 nationaly – At least 80% countries: 80% DPT3 all districts – No wild poliovirus associated with AFP – 90% reduction in measles mortality: 52,000 measles deaths per year – At least 80% countries will achieve MNTE Targets of the 2020 – 09 EPI Strategic Plan (1) ?By the end of 2020: – All countries at risk: 80% YF national cover. – HepB in all countries’ routine – Hib in 80% countries’ routine – AD syringes or equally safe syr. in all countries – At least 80% countries: antihelminthics, vit. A, ITNs amp。 others integrated with immunization. Targets of the 2020 – 09 EPI Strategic Plan (2) Immunization Challenges in the Africa Region ? Financial sustainability ? Reaching the unreached ? Introduction of / access to new vaccines ? Integrated into Health Systems ? Political mitment Some Financial Mechanisms for Immunization ? Vaccine Revolving Fund (Pan American Health Organization) ? Vaccine Independence Initiative (UNICEF) ? Poverty reduction strategic plans (World Bank) ? Global Fund for Children’s Vaccines (GF) ? Global Alliance for Vaccines (GAVI) ? Bilateral Direct Donor Support ? International Financing Facility for Immunization (GAVI)
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