【正文】
腿在整機中的受力情況將其簡化為兩端固定(底面腳板在工作時要固定)的受壓桿件考慮,如下圖 413 所示: 圖 413 按長度 1575 ㎜校核,在四個支腿中,由估算 可知,支腿受到的最大壓力maxQ = ㎏ = 考慮到底架上各部件的影響,取底架上各部件的總重為?iG ,由于焊接在槽鋼上的兩前支腿承受絕大部分重量,故設(shè)兩前支腿承重 32 ?iG Q=(31 ?iG )+ maxQ =( 31 2900 ) + = 計算長度系數(shù)取 ?? ,由于壓重較大且工作環(huán)境差,攪拌時有振動現(xiàn)象以及上面的孔,將有應(yīng)力集中的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。為了保證安全,取安全系數(shù) sn =,可查的 Q235 的屈服極限s? =225N/ 2mm , ?? =150 N/ 2mm , ][??? ?? A 方能滿足條件, A為截面面積,所選等邊角鋼為 L110 110 10,由《機械設(shè)計手冊》第 3 篇可查得 A= 2cm ,xi =㎝( xi 為截面對主軸的回轉(zhuǎn)半徑)。 柔度 x? =xi?? = ? =,對于受壓桿件 [? ]=150~ 200,取 [? ]=150,則 x? [? ],剛度滿足要求。由《機械設(shè)計》表 62查出 p? =120~ 150Mpa,取 p? =135 Mpa。由《材安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 33 料力學(xué)》公式 () 求出 1? =p???2 = 6 92 1013 5 1020 6? ??? = 因為由 x? 1? ,所以不能用歐拉公式計算臨界壓力,查《材料力學(xué)》上冊 P162 得Q235 的 a=304Mpa, b=,由經(jīng)驗公式求出 ba s?? ??2= 235304?= 這是用直線公式的最小柔度。 1? 2? ,所以只能按壓縮的強度計算。要求scr AP ?? ??, 622??cr?= s? =235Mpa 因此,支腿的強度完全滿足要求。 x? 可查出相應(yīng)的穩(wěn) 定系數(shù) x? =(由《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)》附錄三可查得),所以 AQx ????= 622 ??= N/ 2mm [? ]=150 N/ 2mm ,則強度滿足要求,安全可靠。 局部穩(wěn)定性的校核 翼緣寬厚比 1110110??dh ,因為 x? 30,故取 ? =30。 dh 應(yīng)滿足下式: dhy?? 235)( ?? (此公式由《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)》書中 P118 查得) y?? 23 5)( ? = 225235)( ?? = 因為 dh =11,所以局部穩(wěn)定性也可以 得到保證。 綜上各步計算、分析和校核,選取 Q235 碳素鋼的熱軋等邊角鋼 L110 110 10 完全能滿足使用要求。 上料架與底板的聯(lián)接形式及臺板的設(shè)計 上料架與底板的聯(lián)接形式 考慮到在靠近槽鋼Ⅱ的邊緣安裝導(dǎo)向滑輪的原因,由于導(dǎo)向滑輪組的存在,如果將上料架與底架以三面角鋼聯(lián)結(jié)形式來焊接是不可能的。所以采用側(cè)面焊接的方式。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖 414所示: 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 34 圖 414 1. 鋼板 臺板的設(shè)計 臺板是供操作人員站立和行走的,應(yīng)采用防滑的花紋鋼板設(shè)計臺板。由《機械設(shè)計手冊》選用國標(biāo) GB/T 32771991。 減速器底板的設(shè)計 由于攪拌筒軸中心高為 500 ㎜,減速器中心高為 280 ㎜,且攪拌筒與減速器二者需要保持等高,所以將減速器底板設(shè)計成長寬 490 ㎜ 350 ㎜,安裝時將此底架支承用以鋼板焊接在底架的槽鋼上,在鋼板上相應(yīng)位置的打螺栓孔。 此外,由于帶輪是聯(lián)結(jié)減速器輸入軸與電動機輸出軸的部件,考慮減速器底板及電動機底 板在底架上的相對位置,必須保證準(zhǔn)確、密切的相對位置關(guān)系。具體尺寸如下圖415 所示: 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 35 圖 415 減速器底板 將此板焊接在底架的機架上,并在其相應(yīng)位置上打出螺栓孔,以安裝減速器,將減速器用螺栓聯(lián)結(jié)在機架的底架上。 結(jié)論 : 本設(shè)計的研究對象是 JS500型混凝土攪拌機,研究該類型攪拌機在實際使用過程中產(chǎn)生的問題和如何創(chuàng)新設(shè)計優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)而解決所存在的 問題。研究的步驟是針對原有攪拌機存在的各種問題,仔細(xì)觀察,實驗分析和數(shù)據(jù)、圖形分析,然后找出存在的問題產(chǎn)生的原因,進(jìn)而改變機構(gòu),或增加減少相關(guān)裝置,使問題得到解決。 JS500型混凝土 攪拌機 系雙臥軸強制式攪拌機 [1],該機整機設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)合理,攪拌作用強烈,攪拌質(zhì)量好,效率高,能耗低,布局新穎,自動化程度高,使用維修方便。該機可攪拌干硬性混凝土、塑性混凝土、流動性混凝土、輕骨料混凝土及各種灰漿、砂漿,是一種 高效率機型,應(yīng)用非常廣泛。 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 36 該機具備了單機獨立作業(yè)和與 PLD系列配料機組成簡易混凝土攪拌站的雙重優(yōu)越性,可為攪拌站提供配套主機。可以預(yù)見 JS500混凝土攪拌機 將更廣泛的用于各類大、中、小型預(yù)制構(gòu)件廠及公路、橋梁、碼頭等工業(yè)及民用建筑工程。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] 陳宜通 .混凝土機械 .北京:中國建材工業(yè)出版社, : 8596 [2] 臧宏琦 王永平 .機械制圖 .西安:西北工業(yè)大學(xué) 出版社, : 5678 [3] 張家旭 張慶芳 .鋼結(jié)構(gòu) .北京:中國鐵道 出版社, :96105 [4] 顧全生 .談?wù)剶嚢铏C的有關(guān)技術(shù)要求 .化工裝備技術(shù)(第 2 期) , : 2435 [5] 馮忠緒 .混凝土攪拌理論與設(shè)備 [M].北京 :人民交通出版社 ,: 109132 [6] 鞏云鵬 ,田萬祿 . 機械設(shè)計課程設(shè)計 . 沈陽:東北大學(xué)出版社 ,: 96118 [7] 劉鴻文 .材料力學(xué) .北京:高等教育出版社, :1535 [8] 趙利軍 .雙臥軸攪拌機參數(shù)優(yōu)化 及其試驗研究 [碩士學(xué)士論文 ]長安:長安大學(xué),: 140 [9] 莊宗元主編 .AutoCAD2021 使用教程 .徐州:中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)出版社, :2386 [10] ,Concrete, mixers and mix systems, Plant Technol, :安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 37 8889 ag an employment tribunal clai Emloyment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。t appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a re sult of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as a damagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case. you39。re clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e mail, click on nearest CAB. For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals. The (lack of) air up there Watch m Cay man Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Ya ya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was. Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the racist behaviour of their fans during City39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Ag