【正文】 。 16. 在人際交往中應(yīng)如何克服羞怯心理？ 答： （ 1）丟下包袱，即不要怕在交往中做錯(cuò)事，說錯(cuò)話，要認(rèn)識(shí)到說錯(cuò)了話、做錯(cuò)了事，盡管不令人愉快，但錯(cuò)誤是可以改正的。（ 2）增強(qiáng)自信心，不要過分關(guān)注別人對(duì)自己的評(píng)價(jià)。（ 3）解決害羞的直接有效的辦法就是積極地進(jìn)行人際交往，這是最重要的一點(diǎn)。必要時(shí)要強(qiáng)迫自己或請(qǐng)求他人督促自己進(jìn)行交往活動(dòng)。只有在不 斷交往中總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，肯定自己的成功之處，才能逐步擺脫害羞心理。 17. 簡(jiǎn)述馬斯洛的需要層次理論。 答： 需要層次理論美國心理學(xué)家馬斯洛（ AHMaslow ） 1943年提出的一種關(guān) 于人的需要結(jié)構(gòu)的理論。該理論基于兩個(gè)基本假設(shè)： （ 1） 人主要是受滿足某種需要的欲望所驅(qū)使的需求動(dòng)物。人類的需要是無止境的，當(dāng)個(gè)人滿足一種需求之后，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生另一種需求。 （ 2） 人類所追求的需要具有普遍性，這些需要有層次之分。 由此，馬斯諾將人的需求分為五個(gè)層次，由低到高分別為 （ 1） 生理需要，是個(gè)人生存的基 本需要。如吃、喝、住處。 （ 2） 安全需要，包括心理上與物質(zhì)上的安全保障，如不受盜竊的威脅，預(yù)防危險(xiǎn)事故，職業(yè)有保障，有社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)和退休基金等。 （ 3） 社交需要，人是社會(huì)的一員，需要友誼和群體的歸宿感，人際交往需要彼此同情、互助和贊許。 （ 4） 尊重需要，包括要求受到別人的尊重和自己具有內(nèi)在的自尊心。 （ 5） 自我實(shí)現(xiàn)需要，指通過自己的努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)生活的期望，從而對(duì)生活和工作真正感到很有意義。 其中，生理需要是維持人類自身生存的基本需要，是人類最原始、最基本的需要。如衣、食、住、行、性的需要。在生理需要 得到滿足之后，人就會(huì)產(chǎn)生安全需要，如避免職業(yè)病及事故，擺脫失業(yè)威脅及某些社會(huì)保障的需要。再上一層需要，是社交的需要，如滿足歸屬感，希望得到友愛等。尊重需要可分為內(nèi)部尊重及外部尊重。前者指希望自己有實(shí)力，后者指對(duì)地位、威望的需求。自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需要是個(gè)人的最高需要，要求實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人抱負(fù)，施展才能。馬斯洛認(rèn)為，上述五種需要是按次序逐級(jí)上升的。當(dāng)下一級(jí)需要獲得滿足之后，追求上一級(jí)的需要就成為行動(dòng)的動(dòng)力了。 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！【 China39。s 10 mustsee animations】 The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 mustsee classics from China39。s animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let39。s recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫蘆娃 ) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state pared to the rest of the international munity. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of papercut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑貓警長 ) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2021, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series39。 violence, and lack of suitability for children39。s education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi Effendi, meaning sir and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero39。s real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of passion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克與貝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和貝塔 ) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don39。t want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they cofounded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very pact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天書奇談 ) also referred to as Legend of the Sealed Book or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid bination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression of the Demons by Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the book39。s contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heaven39。s law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinese painting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of China39。s natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋與灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊與灰太狼 ) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted into movies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（ Chinese: 哪吒鬧海） is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel Fengshen Yanyi. A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon King39。s feud with Nezha over his son39。s death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has receive