【導讀】本文提供有關用于評估和優(yōu)化AIX5LVersion性能的概念、工具和技術的信息。系統(tǒng)管理員的部分。工作就是進行性能分析：了解系統(tǒng)的行為并確定資源的使用。本文是摘自IBM紅皮書《IBMCertification. 以下各部分將介紹最有用的性能工具。vmstat命令報告有關內核線程、虛擬內存、磁盤、陷阱和CPU活動的統(tǒng)計信息。注意：從AIX5L開始，vmstat命令將報告微分區(qū)(Micro-Partitioning?用的物理處理器數量和已使用的授權值百分比。只有在微分區(qū)環(huán)境中才會顯示這些指標。vmstat命令生成的報告可用于平衡系統(tǒng)負載活動。用百分比表示的值的平均數，或者計算為總和。表1提供了vmstat命令的主要標志。-i顯示自從系統(tǒng)啟動以來每個設備引發(fā)的中斷數量。的分頁事件的絕對計數。PhysicalVolume參數可用于指定一至四個名稱。它并不意味著讀取或寫入的數據量。Interval參數指定每個報告之間以秒為單位的時間量。Count參數的值不允許為零。r采樣間隔期間的平均可運行內核線程數量。就緒但是在等待運行的線程和已經在運行的線程。這些是間隔期間的平均值，并以每秒

　　

【正文】 設統(tǒng)計信息以來所經過的時間。 Packets 成功傳輸的數據包數量。 Transmit Errors 輸出錯誤的數量。這是由于硬件 /網絡錯誤導致的失敗傳輸的計數器。 Packets Dropped 設備驅動程序已接受進行傳輸但是由于任何原因而未傳輸的數據包數量。 S/W Transmit Queue Overflow 已溢出軟件傳輸隊列的傳出數據包總數。 No Carrier Sense 由于沒有載波偵聽錯誤而導致的失敗傳輸數量。 Current HW Transmit Queue Length 硬件傳輸隊列上當前存在的傳出數據包數量。 No Resource Errors 由于適配器上沒有接收緩沖區(qū)可用而被硬件丟棄的傳入數據包數量。 No mbuf Errors mbufs 對設備驅動程序不可用的次數。 Adapter Reset Count 已重新初始化適配器的次數。 Link Status 接口的當前狀態(tài)。 Media Speed Selected 適配器的已配置連接速度。 Media Speed Running 適配器的當前連接速度。 Jumbo Frames 指定是否啟用 jumbo 幀。 協(xié)議統(tǒng)計信息 可以使用 stat –s 命令顯示所有協(xié)議的統(tǒng)計信息，或者使用 stat –p 命令顯示特定協(xié)議的統(tǒng)計信息，如下面的示例 所示。所顯示的每部分數據與對應的協(xié)議相關。 示例 顯示協(xié)議統(tǒng)計信息 stat s icmp: 5286 calls to icmp_error 0 errors not generated because old message was icmp Output histogram: echo reply: 161 destination unreachable: 5286 0 messages with bad code fields 0 messages minimum length 0 bad checksums 0 messages with bad length Input histogram: echo reply: 13340245 destination unreachable: 5277 echo: 161 161 message responses generated igmp: 34 messages received 0 messages received with too few bytes 0 messages received with bad checksum 0 membership queries received 0 membership queries received with invalid field(s) 34 membership reports received 0 membership reports received with invalid field(s) 34 membership reports received for groups to which we belong 4 membership reports sent tcp: 83954 packets sent 75656 data packets (27181497 bytes) 558 data packets (945603 bytes) retransmitted 6237 ackonly packets (4732 delayed) 0 URG only packets . . . （省略的行） . . . udp: 178123 datagrams received 0 inplete headers 0 bad data length fields 0 bad checksums 5287 dropped due to no socket 154419 broadcast/multicast datagrams dropped due to no socket 0 socket buffer overflows 18417 delivered 23689 datagrams output ip: 14076261 total packets received 0 bad header checksums 0 with size smaller than minimum 0 with data size data length 0 with header length data size 0 with data length header length 0 with bad options 0 with incorrect version number 644016 fragments received . . . （省略的行） . . . ipv6: 0 total packets received 0 with size smaller than minimum 0 with data size data length . . . （省略的行） . . . icmpv6: 0 calls to icmp6_error 0 errors not generated because old message was icmpv6 Output histogram: unreachable: 0 packets too big: 0 time exceeded: 0 . . . （省略的行） . . . stat p ip ip: 14077033 total packets received 0 bad header checksums 0 with size smaller than minimum 0 with data size data length 0 with header length data size 0 with data length header length 0 with bad options 0 with incorrect version number 644016 fragments received 0 fragments dropped (dup or out of space) 0 fragments dropped after timeout 181998 packets reassembled ok 13609226 packets for this host . . . （省略的行） 套接字 要顯示有關系統(tǒng)上使用的套接字的信息，可以使用 stat –a 命令，如下面的示例所示。 您可以查找有用的信息，例如使用的協(xié)議、 IP 地址或套接字狀態(tài)。 示例 使用 stat a 命令 活動的 Inter 連接（包括服務器） Proto RecvQ SendQ Local Address Foreign Address (state) tcp4 0 0 *.daytime *.* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *.ftp *.* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *.tel *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.smtp *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.time *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.sunrpc *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.smux *.* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *.exec *.* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *.login *.* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *.shell *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.printer *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.rmc *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.sco_prin *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.sco_s5_p *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.file *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.file *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.file *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 *.wsmserve *.* LISTEN tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 17 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED tcp4 0 0 ESTABLISHED udp4 0 0 *.daytime *.* udp4 0 0 *.time *.* udp4 0 0 *.sunrpc *.* udp4 0 0 *.snmp *.* udp4 0 0 *.syslog *.* udp4 0 0 *.ntalk *.* udp4 0 0 *.rmc