【導讀】在科學和語言領域?qū)⒂兄匾囊饬x?？萍加⒄Z一直是一種獨立的寫作風格，顯示了其獨特性。作為一種功能性風格的文本，科技英語以普通英語為基礎，它。有著明確的邊界。然而，由于其獨特的形式，在語言長期發(fā)展的過程中，它有大。量的其他語言不具備的特性。在科技英語的文檔里，詞匯包括純科學的單詞和普同的科學詞語。學家錢三強指出科技英語意境成為現(xiàn)代英語中一個新的精確的領域。展科技英語的人才。面也有了越來越大的必要性。技報告和學術講演中所使用的英語。維，不具感情色彩，其目的是使讀者容易理解而不產(chǎn)生太多的想象。本文共分為五個章節(jié)，分別從四個方面介紹了科技英語。從句的使用，還有祈使語句在一些說明書中的使用是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的。絕大多數(shù)醫(yī)學、獸醫(yī)學詞匯源于拉丁語、希臘語。范的書面動詞來替代具有同樣意義的口語化的動詞或動詞短語。為了準確、科學地對這些新的進展與理論加以闡述，科技工作者們在遣。聯(lián)合性，精確性，控制性，可視化的幫助性，

　　

【正文】 major in researching scientific phenomena and objective laws of science and technology, which does not stress by who. Using the ―it‖ structure can stress the predicate part and the sentence structure is relatively perfect, let the readers at the first sight to find out the sentence structure. (《科技英語演講》古德萊德（ Goodlad S） ,梁玲 35) In the last, periodic sentence structure .This structure is easy to understand. Periodic sentence is a rhetorical perspective, which puts the key meaning at the end of the sentence ,the secondary in the sentence first .It is a relatively rigorous sentence anization .The readers can not understand the full meaning of the sentence structure until they read the plete sentences. It has no fixed pattern in the structure, its characteristic is mainly advance the longer adverbial in much of the situation, and puts the short main clause in the end, which increases the difficulty in understanding sentences for the readers. For example: (1) We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few tenmillions of millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely . (2) Owing to the fact that electricity and be transmitted from where it is generated to where it is needed by means of power lines and transformers .Large power stations and be built in remote places far from industrial centers or large cities, as is often the case with hydroelectric power stations that are inspirable from water sources. (《科技翻譯》傅勇林，唐躍勤， 98) Frequent Use of Passive Voice A prominent feature on syntax in English for science and technology is the frequent use of passive voice. According to the survey of some linguists, pared with general English and literature English, in the textbooks on physics, chemistry and engineering, the use of passive voice can be accounted for at least 1/3 of the total verbs.(陳治業(yè)， 1994（ 2） )This helps to focus the readers‘ attentions on the thing ,phenomenon or process described in EST articles .That is because the passive voice is more objective thus readers‘ attention is easily paid to stated objects and facts. Zhang Zhenbang put forward :―Sentences or clauses using the passive word phrase as the predicate verb are called passive sentences .‖(章振邦， 1999) In explaining the reasons of the extensive use of the passive voice in English of science and technology, many linguists are based on the expatiation of the objectivity of what EST is related to .For example, Wang Zuoliang et al. think: Characteristics of the passive sentences Chapter One Syntax and Grammar of English for Science and Technology focusing on the passives happen to meet the needs of the objective description of English for science and technology ,which makes the description more accurate.(王佐良 丁往道， 1987) For example： (1) As noted previously ,the Q point may be located anywhere on dc load line by properly choosing bias resistors R1 and R2. The dc bias circuit can be used to advantage as an aid in visualization during this design process. Once Rb has been chosen to provide the desired bias stability, all the information required can be obtained from the dc bias circuit. 如前所述，通過適當選擇偏置電阻 R1 和 R2， Q 點可以位于直流負載線上的任何位置。在設計過程中，直流偏置電路作為形象化的一種輔助手段可以充分加以使用。一旦選定 Rb 而獲得希望得到的偏置穩(wěn)定性，那么所需的信息都可以從直流偏置電路上獲得。（ 《電氣信息類科技英語教程》何宏， 5668） (2) As oil is found deep in the ground its presence can not be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently ,a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a ―drilling rig‖ is assemble .The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called ―a derrick‖ .It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill .As the hole is being drilling, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in .If oil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves. (3) In this way the distinction between heavy current electrical engineering and light current electrical engineering can be said to have disappeared, but we still have the conceptual difference in that in power engineering the primary concern is to transport energy between distant points in space 。while with munications systems the primary objective is to convey, exact and process information, in which process considerable amounts of power may be consumed. （ The sentences marked in bold are the passive voice.） Through the example above and bined with mon sense, we can easily find out the frequent use of the passive voice in an article about English for science and technology .In a word ,the main purpose of EST is to describe the existed objective things and phenomenon, the scientific researches and the technological process, etc. The passive voice pay more attention to objective facts than the active voice, almost not influenced by any emotional color, which makes the article more convincing. As J .Perlmutter says ―it‘s traditional among technical writers to keep themselves in the background, to exclude personal pronouns and emphasize their work instead .‖ Impersonal Sentences In English for science and technology ,the writers often use impersonal sentences to better indicate the objective facts .EST writings describe the existed objective things and phenomenon, the scientific researches and the technological process, etc .What EST writings mainly discuss are the results and natural phenomenon of science but not the person who discovers or acplishes them, therefore, in English for science and technology the writers often use impersonal sentences .For example: (1)The use of electronic puters has moderated these problems som