【導(dǎo)讀】takenintoaccount.1.\[A\]posing\[B\]imposing\[C\]exposing\[D\]disposing考試直通車(chē)。4.\[A\]plant\[B\]firm\[C\]process\[D\]procedure考試直通車(chē)。5.\[A\]inregardto\[B\]intermsof\[C\]inviewof\[D\]inrelationto實(shí)用文本下。7.\[A\]charge\[B\]expense\[C\]price\[D\]value考研資料下載。9.\[A\]diminishing\[B\]abandoning\[C\]discarding\[D\]substituting. 10.\[A\]deciding\[B\]assessing\[C\]predicting\[D\]projecting. 11.\[A\]wants\[B\]desires\[C\]premises\[D\]facilities考研資料下載。12.\[A\]state\[B\]system\[C\]condition\[D\]economy學(xué)習(xí)資料下載。13.\[A\]presented\[B\]delivered\[C\]supplied\[D\]forwarded考研資料下載。14.\[A\]accordingly\[B\]ultimately\[C\]consequently\[D\]practically. 15.\[A\]formulates\[B\]regulates\[C\]enhances\[D\]enforces. 16.\[A\]ponents\[B\]substances\[C\]elements\[D\]materials. 18.\[A\]anyway\[B\]somehow\[C\]somewhere\[D\]elsewhere. 19.\[A\]appraised\[B\]appealed\[C\]approved\[D\]approached. 20.\[A\]passionately\[B\]unanimously\[C\]spontaneously\[D\]correspondingly. Canputerreason?

　　

【正文】 climate or increased population and ine and new temporary large scale problems the world?s physical conditions and the resilience(power of recovering quickly)of a well functioning economic and social system enable us to overe such problems,and the solutions usually leave us better off than if the problem had never is the great lesson to be learned from human C 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 Directions: 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Disposing of puters, monitors, printers and mobile phones is a large and growing environmental problem. Some 20m50m tons of “e waste” is produced each year, most of which ends up in the developing world. In July 2020 new rules came into force in both Europe and California to oblige the industry to take responsibility for it. 46) In Europe the Restriction of Hazardous Substances(RoHS) directive limits the use of many toxic materials in new electronic products sold in the European Union, whereas in California mobile phone retailers must now take back and recycle old phones. 考研資料下載 Many technology firms are already eliminating certain chemicals and offering recycling schemes to help their customers dispose of obsolete equipment. 47) Yet there is a wide variation in just how green different panies are, according to Greenpeace, an environmental lobby group that launched a new e waste campaign in August 2020. It has ranked the top mobile phone and PC makers based on their progress in eliminaling chemicals and in taking back and recycling products. 考試直通車(chē) The RoHS rules ban products containing any more than trace amounts of lead, mercury, cadmium and other hazardous substances, including some nasty materials called brominated flame retardants(BFRs). 48) To do well in Greenpeace?s rankings, firms must make sure both products and production processes are free of polyvinyl chloride(PVC) and some BFRs that are not on the RoHS list. Greenpeace also wants panies to adopt a “precautionary principle” and avoid chemicals if their environmental impact is uncertain. 考試直通車(chē) Although not everyone agrees with Greenpeace?s methodology, its ranking still has some merit. Nokia does well: the world?s biggest handset maker has already got rid of PVC from its products and will eliminate all BFRs from next year. But, Greenpeace grumbles, it is not sufficiently “precautionary” in other areas. 49) Dell, however, scores well in this regard and on recycling, but loses marks for not having phased out PVC and BFRs yet, though it has set a deadline for doing so. 考試直通車(chē) Perhaps the biggest surprise is the poor rating of Apple. The pany insists that it has a strong record in recycling and has eliminated BFRs and PVC from the main plastic parts in its products. 50) It scores badly because it has not eliminated such chemicals altogether, has not set time limits for doing so, does not provide a full list of regulated substances and is insufficiently precautionary for Greenpeace?s tastes. As for recycling, the 9,500 tons of electronics Apple says it has recycled since 1994 is slight given the amount of equipment the firm sells, says Greenpeace. Alas for Apple, whatever the pros and cons(advantages and disadvantages) of Greenpeace?s ranking criteria, consumers are likely to be influenced by it anyway. 考試直通車(chē) Section Ⅲ Writing 考試直通車(chē) Part A 考試直通車(chē) 51. Directions: 考試直通車(chē) Write a letter to the Economics School of a famous university, asking for the details about the entrance test for MA. 考試直通車(chē) You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. 考試直通車(chē) Do not write the address.(10 points) 考試直通車(chē) Part B 實(shí)用文本下載 52. Directions: 考試直通車(chē) Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should 考研資料下載 1) describe the picture briefly, 考研資料下載 2) explain its intended meaning, and then 考試直通車(chē) 3) make your ments and suggestions. 實(shí)用文本下載 答案與解析： 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 Model Test 1 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 Section Ⅰ Use of English 考試直通車(chē) 1. ［答案］ \[B\] imposing 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 ［解析］ 由所給出的選項(xiàng)可知，此處需一現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于次要謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明 “地球表面有限 ”與 “絕對(duì)資源短缺 ”的關(guān)系。據(jù)此判斷，［ B］ “強(qiáng)加（帶來(lái)，造成） ”表明這種 “絕對(duì)短缺 ”是一種自然狀況，是我們無(wú)法改變的，用在此 處最恰當(dāng)。 考試直通車(chē) ［ A］ “組／構(gòu)成 ”，［ C］ “暴露；揭示 ”，［ D］ “安排；處理 ”，四個(gè)詞的詞根相同，詞義各異，形成雙重干擾。 考試直通車(chē) 2. ［答案］ \[A\] uses 考試直通車(chē) ［解析］ 僅從與介詞 “in”的搭配上看，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)皆可用，但據(jù)其下文看，涉及的都是資源的應(yīng)用問(wèn)題，故此題答案非［ A］ “用法；用途 ”莫屬。 實(shí)用文本下載 ［ B］ “方法／式 ”，［ C］ “領(lǐng)域 ”，［ D］ “形式 ”，均不合文意。 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 3. ［答案］ \[D\] if 考試直通車(chē) ［解析］ 上句說(shuō)明了 “相對(duì)資源短缺 ”的一個(gè)意義。此句則解釋它的另一意義：投入資源的數(shù)量是有限的，它用于制造某種產(chǎn)品上的數(shù)量增加，必然導(dǎo)致在其他應(yīng)用上的減少。由此判斷，［ D］ “如果 ”表示一般條件，為正確答案。 實(shí)用文本下載 ［ A］ “由于；既然 ”，［ B］ “如果 …… 不；除非 ”，［ C］ “因?yàn)?”，皆不合句意邏輯。 實(shí)用文本下載 4. ［答案］ \[C\] process 考試直通車(chē) ［解析］ 由上題的分析可知，此題答案應(yīng)是［ C］ “過(guò)程 ”： manufacturing process 意指 “制造／生產(chǎn)某物的過(guò)程 ”。 考研資料下載 ［ A］ “工廠 ”，［ B］ “公司 ”，［ D］ “程序 ”，皆不適用。 考試 直通車(chē) 5. ［答案］ \[B\] in terms of 考研資料下載 ［解析］ 據(jù)句意判斷，［ B］ “按照；就 …… 而言 ”是符合句意的唯一選項(xiàng)。介詞短語(yǔ) “in terms of money”修飾 “the cost of a product”,意為 “一產(chǎn)品的貨幣成本。 ” 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 ［ A］ “關(guān)／至于 ”，［ C］ “鑒／由于 ”，［ D］ “關(guān)系到 ”，均不可取。 6. ［答案］ \[A\] to 考研資料下載 ［解析］ “the cost of sth.”意為 “…… 的費(fèi)用／成本 ”， “the cost to sb./sth.”意為“…… 所付出的費(fèi)用／代價(jià) ”。依句意此處自然應(yīng)選［ A］。此句句意： “一產(chǎn)品的貨幣成本不能表明社會(huì)付出的實(shí)際代價(jià)。 ”下句以實(shí)例對(duì)此作了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 7. ［答案］ \[D\] value 考研資料下載 ［解析］ 此空處于表語(yǔ)地位，應(yīng)與其主語(yǔ) “the true cost”相呼應(yīng)，故答案非［ D］“價(jià)值；（公平的）代價(jià) ”莫屬。 考試直通車(chē) ［ A］ “要價(jià)；收費(fèi) ”，［ B］ “花費(fèi)；開(kāi)支 ”，［ C］ “價(jià)格／錢(qián) ”，皆不適用。 考試直通車(chē) 8. ［答案］ \[C\] result 考研資料下載 ［解析］ 將各選項(xiàng)分別代入句中：［ A］ “as a product”（作為一種產(chǎn)品），［ B］“as a purpose”(作為一種用途 )， ［ C］ “as a result”(作為結(jié)果；因此 )，［ D］ “as a rule”(通常 )，只有［ C］符合句意： “比如，制造一架超音速?lài)姎馐斤w機(jī)的實(shí)際成本，就是因此而不能建造許多學(xué)校和冰箱的代價(jià)。 ” 學(xué)習(xí)資料下載 9. ［答案］ \[B\] abandoning 考試直通車(chē) ［解析］ 此題的前一句指出， “每項(xiàng)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)都消耗掉一部分社會(huì)可用資源 ”，這意味著什么呢？［ B］ “不得不放／舍