【導讀】othercasesnot.parameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,(30)"density-independent"growthparameters,(45)populationwould,inthelongrun,arisefromdensity-independentcauses,populationdensity.

　　

【正文】 s useful (80) goods and services foreshadows our own world. 17. In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb most probably in order to (A) contrast their views on the subject of luxury consumerism in eighteenthcentury England (B) indicate the inadequacy of historiographical approaches to eighteenthcentury English history (C) give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in eighteenthcentury England (D) support the contention that key questions about eighteenthcentury consumerism remain to be answered (E) pare one historian’s interest in luxury goods such as pottery to another historian’s interest in luxury services such as musical festivals 18. Which of the following items, if preserved from eighteenthcentury England, would provide an example of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 1617? (A) A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods (B) A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author (C) A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular play (D) A payroll record from a pany that produced luxury goods such as pottery (E) A newspaper advertisement describing luxury goods and services available at a seaside resort 19. According to the passage, Thompson attributes to laboring people in eighteenthcentury England which of the following attitudes toward capitalist consumerism? (A) Enthusiasm (B) Curiosity (C) Ambivalence (D) Stubbornness (E) Hostility 20. In the third paragraph, the author is primarily GRE 國 內(nèi) 題 90 – 94 COPYLEFT TONGLEI 8 concerned with (A) contrasting two theses and offering a promise (B) questioning two explanations and proposing a possible alternative to them (C) paraphrasing the work of two historians and questioning their assumptions (D) examining two theories and endorsing one over the other (E) raising several questions but implying that they cannot be answered 21. According to the passage, a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption has been used to (A) investigate the extent of the demand for luxury goods among social classes in eighteenthcentury England (B) classify the kinds of luxury goods desired by eighteenthcentury consumers (C) explain the motivation of eighteenthcentury consumers to buy luxury goods (D) establish the extent to which the tastes of rich consumers were shaped by the middle classes in eighteenthcentury England (E) pare luxury consumerism in eighteenthcentury England with such consumerism in the twentieth century 22. According to the passage, eighteenthcentury England and the contemporary world of the passage’s readers are (A) dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said to be widespread among the social classes (B) dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and services (C) dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be a stimulant of industrial development (D) similar in their strong demand for a variety of goods and services (E) similar in the extent to which a middle class could be identified as imitating the habits of a wealthier class 23. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would most probably agree with which of the following statements about the relationship between the Industrial Revolution and the demand for luxury goods and services in eighteenthcentury England? (A) The growing demand for luxury goods and services was a major factor in the ing of the Industrial Revolution. (B) The Industrial Revolution exploited the already existing demand for luxury goods and services. (C) Although the demand for luxury goods may have helped bring about the Industrial Revolution, the demand for luxury services did not. (D) There is no reason to believe that the Industrial Revolution was directly driven by a growing demand for luxury goods and services. (E) The increasing demand for luxury goods and services was a cultural phenomenon that has been conclusively demonstrated to have been separate from the ing of the Industrial Revolution. Researchers are finding that in many ways an individual bacterium is more analogous to a ponent cell of a multicellular anism than it is to a (5) freeliving, autonomous anism. Anabaena, a freshwater bacteria is a case in point. Among photosynthetic bacteria, Anabaena is unusual: it is capable of both photosynthesis and (10) nitrogen fixation. Within a single cell, these two biochemical processes are inpatible: oxygen produced during photosynthesis, inactivates the nitrogenase required for nitrogen (15) fixation. In Anabaena munities, however, these processes can coexist. When fixed nitrogen pounds are abundant, Anabaena is strictly photosynthetic and its cells are all (20) alike. When nitrogen levels are low, however, specialized cells called heterocysts are produced which lack chlorophyll (necessary for photosynthesis) but which can fix (25) nitrogen by converting nitrogen gas into a usable form. Submicroscopic channels develop which connect the heterocyst cells with the photosynthetic ones and GRE 國 內(nèi) 題 90 – 94 COPYLEFT TONGLEI 9 which are used for transferring cellular (30) products between the two kinds of Anabaena cells. 24. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of bacteria that engage in photosynthesis? (A) They eventually bee two autonomous cells. (B) They cannot normally also engage in nitrogen fixation. (C) Oxygen normally inactivates them. (D) Cellular products are constantly transferred between such bacteria. (E) They normally lack chlorop