【導(dǎo)讀】各種金屬進(jìn)行切削加工。零件的表面通常是幾種簡(jiǎn)單表面如平面、圓柱面、圓錐面、球面、成形表面等的組合，工，零件和刀具需通過機(jī)床夾具和刀架與機(jī)床進(jìn)行可靠的聯(lián)接，帶動(dòng)它們做相對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，械加工工藝系統(tǒng)，其中金屬切削機(jī)床是加工機(jī)械零件的工作機(jī)械，起支承和提供動(dòng)力作用；本章就圍繞機(jī)械加工工藝系統(tǒng)四個(gè)組成部分進(jìn)行分析，闡述機(jī)械零件加工的整個(gè)。必須使刀具與工件間產(chǎn)生相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，這種在金屬切削加工中必須的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)稱為切削運(yùn)動(dòng)。切削運(yùn)動(dòng)可分為主運(yùn)動(dòng)和進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)兩種。，獲得所需的表面。進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)是速度小，消耗功率少，可由一個(gè)或。圖2-1所示外圓車削中沿工件軸向的縱向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)是連續(xù)的，沿工件徑向。的橫向進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)，它是間斷的。切削層是指切削時(shí)刀具切削工件一個(gè)單行程所切除的工件材料層。理地確定切削用量才能順利地進(jìn)行切削。進(jìn)給量表示進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)的速度。主切削刃前刀面與主后刀面的交線。組合而成的復(fù)合刀具，其每一個(gè)刀齒相當(dāng)于一把車刀。

　　

【正文】 the outer circle lathe tool independent point of view, as shown in figure 34: 大連交通大學(xué) 2020 屆本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯 Figure34The orthogonal plane of the reference coordinate system of cutting tool angle The angle of cutting tool manufacturing and grinding tool is needed, and the cutter design drawing shall be stated angle, outside round tool as an example, the angle is defined: ① anterior horn in the orthogonal plane measurement of the rake face and the angle between the front surface, angle of rake face inclined degree. Higher the rake angle cutter sharper rake face and the base surface, according to the relative positions of the different, respectively defined as positive rake angle, zero rake angle and side rake angle. ② the angle in the orthogonal plane measurement of the flank and the angle between the cutting plane. After the main main flank angle of tilt degree, generally positive. ③ side angle in the side cutting edges orthogonal plane measuring side flank face and the angle between the cutting plane. Back clearance angle said side flank inclination degree, generally positive. ④ the main angle in the inner base surface measurement of the main cutting edge on the base with the direction of feed angle projection. The main general positive angle. ⑤ on the surface side angle measurement in the secondary cutting edge on the surface projection and the feed motion in the opposite direction angle. General positive side angle. ⑥ in a cutting plane cutting edge inclination measurement in the main cutting edge and base of the angle between the. When the blade is positive, the strength 大連交通大學(xué) 2020 屆本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯 of the tool tip is low, iron filings to knife direction outflow, applicable to finish type cutter. Commonly used tool materials (1)Tool material should have the properties of In the process of metal cutting, cutting part of the tool at a high temperature under a lot of cutting force and cutting of intense friction, when working, also acpanied by shock and vibration caused by cutting, temperature fluctuations, therefore, cutting part of the tool materials should have good mechanical and physical and chemical properties, mainly: ① high hardness hardness must be higher than the material hardness, general cutting tool materials at room temperature shall be above 60HRC hardness. ② high wear resistance between the tool and the workpiece has a lot of relative motion velocity, friction, require high wear resistance material, generally the higher hardness wear resistance. ③ sufficient strength and toughness of cutting tool and workpiece to produce great cutting force, simultaneously also has the big impact force, the cutting tool material should have enough strength and toughness to ensure that the tool does not generate damage. ④ high heat resistance and high heat resistance is at a high temperature can still maintain the cutting performance of a character, usually with high temperature hardness values measured, can also be used while the tool is cutting allows the heat resisting temperature values measured. It is the important index of cutting tool material. Heat resistance and better material allows the cutting speed is higher. Tool material should also have better technological and economic. Tool steel should have good heat treatment, quenching deformation, hardening layer depth, decarburized layer shallow。 high hardness materials need grinding processing。 welding material, should have better thermal conductivity and welding technology. In addition, in satisfies the performance requirement, should as far as possible to meet the requirements of rich resources, low price. Selection of cutting tool materials, it is difficult to find all aspects of performance are the best, because the material properties between some restrict each other, can according to the needs of technology to ensure that the main performance requirements, such as rough rough forging, required to maintain a higher strength and toughness, and machining of hard materials with high hardness.