【導(dǎo)讀】過在市場上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務(wù)付費來決定什么應(yīng)該被制造出來?；涫杖胄в玫挠嘟Y(jié)合，一起決定了什么應(yīng)該被制造，以及資源如何被用來制造它們。供給，而這也就會反過來降低價格并允許更多的消費者購買產(chǎn)品。定一個產(chǎn)品價格和與另一個私人個體自由簽定合同的權(quán)利。而且它們(計算機(jī))也能為促銷活動找到那些擁有優(yōu)先權(quán)的顧客。算機(jī)的使用給消費者帶來更好、更有效率的服務(wù)。[參考譯文]殘疾兒童在許多關(guān)鍵方面都與其同齡人不同。為了讓這些孩子發(fā)展其全部的成人后的潛能，他們。的教育必須適應(yīng)這些不同。情緒，那就是所有的公民，不管其情況有多特殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會。[參考譯文]它(廣告)能夠直接幫助貨物以比較合理的價格被迅速分銷出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一個堅固的。國內(nèi)市場，同時也使以具有競爭力的價格提供出口變得可能。兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中的承諾。

　　

【正文】 may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be rightit can hardly be classed as Literature. [參考譯文 ] 然而就未來主義詩歌來說，情況則不這么簡單了，因為不管未來主義詩歌是什么 就算承認(rèn)它賴以存在的理論基礎(chǔ)都是正確的 這種形式也很難被歸入文學(xué)。 71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the riverand then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms. [參考譯文 ] 但當(dāng)我們先是從注釋中得知某詩行講述了一個土耳其軍官和一個保 加利亞軍官在橋上動手打架并雙雙掉進(jìn)河里，而后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)該行詩中不過只充斥著 撲通，撲通， 185 公斤重 這類對他們落水時的動靜以及對軍官們體重的描寫時，我們不免感到困惑不安。 72. The ing of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan39。s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. [參考譯文 ] 戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導(dǎo)的勞動力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機(jī)會變得極為有限，他們已經(jīng)在不停地質(zhì)疑為了爬上日本國內(nèi)那通往優(yōu)秀學(xué)校和體面工作的嚴(yán)酷的社會階梯而做出的巨大的個人 犧牲。 73. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarII had weakened the Japanese morality of respect for parents. [參考譯文 ] 去年，當(dāng)擔(dān)任教育部長職務(wù)的瀨戶光夫爭辯說二戰(zhàn)后由美國占領(lǐng)當(dāng)局引入的自由主義革新削弱了日本民族 尊敬父母的道德品質(zhì) 的時候，輿論嘩然。 74. With economic growth has e centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan39。s 119 million citizens live in cities where munity and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, towgeneration households. [參考譯文 ] 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長，出現(xiàn)了集中化：全國 1． 19億公民，其中整整 76％的人口定居城市：在這里，原來的社區(qū)和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒棄，取而代之的是與外界疏于往來的、只由兩代人組成的核心家庭。 75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared。 and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. [參考譯文 ] 如果野心的傳統(tǒng)具有生命力，那么這傳統(tǒng)必會為許多人分享；尤其會受到自己也受人仰慕的人士的青睞，在這些人中受過良好教育的可不占少數(shù)。 76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWsthe locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. [參考譯文 ] 當(dāng)然，人們現(xiàn)在對成功及其各種標(biāo)志的興趣似乎并不亞于先前。消夏 別墅、歐陸旅行、寶馬車 地點、地名以及品牌或許會有變化，但這類事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不會亞于 一二十年前。 77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home。 the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in threestar restaurants。 the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. [參考譯文 ] 相反，我們被款待看到這樣一些虛偽的壯觀景象，他們似乎比以前的任何時候都更供應(yīng)充足：美國式物質(zhì)主義的批判者卻擁有位于南安普頓的避暑山莊：激進(jìn)書籍的出版商卻在三星級餐廳享用一日三餐；倡導(dǎo)在人生各個階段的參與民主制的記者，他的子女卻就讀于 私立學(xué)校。 78. No clearcut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word amateur does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific munity and, in particular, may not share its values. [參考譯文 ] 科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人員和業(yè)余愛好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線：因為任何規(guī)則都有例外。然而，業(yè)余 一詞的確意味著相關(guān)人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學(xué)界，尤其未能分享科學(xué)圈子的價值。 79. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom. [參考譯文 ] 很自然，這種趨勢會在尤以數(shù)學(xué)或?qū)嶒炇矣?xùn)練為基礎(chǔ)的自然學(xué)科領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)最為明顯，并且可以英國的地質(zhì)學(xué)發(fā)展作例證來說明。 80. A parison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. [參考譯文 ] 將過去一個半世紀(jì)英國地質(zhì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的出版物做一下比較， (我們 )就會發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅對科研的主導(dǎo)地位的強(qiáng)調(diào)不斷攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內(nèi)容的定義也有所變化。 81. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century. [參考譯文 ] 這樣一來總的結(jié)果便是業(yè)余愛好者想在專業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)期刊 … 卜發(fā)表文章就更難了，而被廣泛使用的論文評審?fù)扑]制度又進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了這一結(jié)果，該種制度先是出現(xiàn)在 19 世紀(jì)的國家級刊物上，后又在 20世紀(jì)被幾家地方級地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物所使用。 82. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists ing together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to e together nationally in a different way. [參考譯文 ] 一個頗為相似的分化過程已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致專業(yè)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家走到一起組成一到兩個全國性的專科學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán)，而業(yè)余地質(zhì)愛好者們傾向于要么仍留在地方社團(tuán)，要么也以另一種方式組成全國性機(jī)構(gòu)。 83. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly lowlevel findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, bined with lots of headscratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. [參考譯文 ] 遺憾地講，這次新聞機(jī)構(gòu)可信度調(diào)查計劃結(jié)果只獲得了一些十分低層次的發(fā)現(xiàn)，比如新聞報道中的事實錯誤， 拼寫或語法錯誤 (和這些低層次發(fā)現(xiàn) )交織在一起的還有許多令人撓頭的困惑，譬如讀者到底想讀些什么。 84. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive Mamp。M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and munication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers39。 demands. [參考譯文 ] 我認(rèn)為巨大的并購浪潮背后的最重要的推動力同時也就是促成全球化進(jìn)程的那方基石：即降低交通運輸成本，逐漸減少貿(mào)易投資壁壘，以及大幅度拓展市場，這些都要求更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)營管理以滿足消費者需求。 85. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming I wanted to spend more time with my family. [參考譯文 ] 一次側(cè)面的不光明磊落的攻擊傷害了我的自尊，阻礙了我事業(yè)的發(fā)展，使我不 得不拋棄了那份引人注目的工作，盡管表面上我還要以一個蒙受屈辱的政府部長的姿態(tài)，通過聲稱 我只不過是想多和家人呆在一起 來掩蓋我的退出。 86. I have discover