外文翻譯--建筑中的結構設計及建筑材料-建筑結構-資料下載頁
2025-05-12 06:58本頁面
【導讀】這是一種復雜的挑戰(zhàn)，為適應這一挑戰(zhàn)，建筑師需要有一個分階段的設計過程，其至少要分三個“反饋”考慮階段：方案階段，初步設計階段和施工圖設計階段。會干擾設計者的基本思路。實際上，我們可以說一個成功的建筑設計師應該具備一種從很。多細節(jié)中分辨出更為基本的內容的能力。概念構思階段的任務時提出和斟酌全局場地規(guī)劃，活動相互作用及房屋形式方案。這就要求建筑師首先按照基本功能和空間關系對一項建筑設計首先構思并模擬出。形似時，應考慮基本的場所跳進加以修改?？尚行约敖?jīng)濟性，那將是非常有幫助的。這種能夠易于反饋以改進空間形式。在這一階段應該完成對結構布。計階段所作的決定仍可以反饋回取使方案概念進一步改善，或甚至可能有重大變化。這是工作重點將再次轉移，進入細。會反饋到第二階段并導致一些變化。而鋼材有很高的抗拉強度和混凝土具有很高的抗壓強度,
【正文】 ─ the force that unites them─ that the steel cannot slip within the 建筑工程 學院 土木工程 專業(yè) 08 土木 班 學生 鄧志明 外文翻譯 井岡山 大學外文翻譯用紙 concrete. Still another advantage is that steel does not rust in concrete. Acid corrodes steel, whereas concrete has an alkaline chemical reaction, the opposite of acid. The adoption of structural steel and reinforced concrete caused major changes in traditional construction practices. It was no longer necessary to use thick walls of stone or brick for multistory buildings, and it became much simpler to build fireresistant floors. Both these changes served to reduce the cost of construction. It also became possible to erect buildings with greater heights and longer spans. Since the weight of modern structures is carried by the steel or concrete frame, the walls do not support the building. They have bee curtain walls, which keep out the weather and let in light. In the earlier steel or concrete frame building, the curtain walls were generally made of masonry。 they had the solid look of bearing walls. Today, however, curtain walls are often made of lightweight materials such as glass, aluminum, or plastic, in various binations. Another advance in steel construction is the method of fastening together the beams. For many years the standard method was riveting. A rivet is a bolt with a head that looks like a blunt screw without threads. It is heated, placed in holes through the pieces of steel, and a second head is formed at the other end by hammering it to hold it in place. Riveting has now largely been replaced by welding, the joining together of pieces of steel by melting a steel material between them under high heat. Priestess’s concrete is an improved form of reinforcement. Steel rods are bent into the shapes to give them the necessary degree of tensile strengths. They are then used to priestess concrete, usually by one of two different methods. The first is to leave channels in a concrete beam that correspond to the shapes of the steel rods. When the rods are run through the channels, they are then bonded to the concrete by filling the channels with grout, a thin mortar or binding agent. In the other (and more mon) method, the priestesses steel rods are placed in the lower part of a form that corresponds to the shape of the finished structure, and the concrete is poured around them. Priestess’s concrete uses less steel and less concrete. Because it is a highly desirable material. Progressed concrete has made it possible to develop buildings with unusual shapes, like some of the modern, sports arenas, with large spaces unbroken by any obstructing supports. The uses for this relatively new structural method are constantly being developed.
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