【導讀】究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知，除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文（設計）不包含其他個人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果。確說明并表示謝意。（設計）的電子版和紙質(zhì)版。有權將論文（設計）用于非贏利目的的。少量復制并允許論文（設計）進入學校圖書館被查閱。保密的論文（設計）在解密后適用。高校教室管理系統(tǒng)針對各大高校教室眾多，課程眾多，提供檢索篩選功能，方便師生上課，也方便工作人員管理教室資源。不易信息收集和管理，而且正確比較低，修改較麻煩?；谀壳斑@種現(xiàn)狀，高校。天，改變傳統(tǒng)的信息管理模式，減少學校對信息管理的工作量，提高工作效率，本課題采用VisualBasic開發(fā)工具，后臺數(shù)據(jù)庫采用Access數(shù)據(jù)庫，管理員登陸后可以添加多用戶，利用。能齊全，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)預期的管理員功能和普通用戶功能。本畢業(yè)設計的選題是基于

　　

【正文】 are explained throughout this booklet. Risks Associated With MIS Risk reflects the potential, the likelihood, or the expectation of events that could adversely affect earnings or capital. Management uses MIS to help in the assessment of risk within an institution. Management decisions based upon ineffective, inaccurate, or inplete MIS may increase risk in a number of areas such as credit quality, liquidity, market/pricing, interest rate, or foreign currency. A flawed MIS causes operational risks and can adversely affect an anization39。s monitoring of its fiduciary, consumer, fair lending, Bank Secrecy Act, or other pliancerelated activities. Assessing Vulnerability To MIS Risk To function effectively as an interacting, interrelated, and interdependent 瓊州學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設計） 16 feedback tool for management and staff, MIS must be useable. The fiveelements of a useable MIS system are: timeliness, accuracy, consistency,pleteness, and relevance. The usefulness of MIS is hindered wheneverone or more of these elements is promised. Timeliness Accuracy Consistency Completeness Relevance Achieving Sound MIS The development of sound MIS is the result of the development and enforcement of a culture of system ownership. An owner is a system user who knows current customer and constituent needs and also has budget authority to fund new projects. Building ownership promotes pride in institution processes and helps ensure accountability. Although MIS does not necessarily reduce expenses, the development of meaningful systems, and their proper use, will lessen the probability that erroneous decisions will be made because of inaccurate or untimely information. Erroneous decisions invariably misallocate and/or waste resources. This may result in an adverse impact on earnings and/or capital. MIS which meets the five elements of useability is a critical ingredient to an institution39。s short and longrange planning efforts. To achieve sound MIS, the anization39。s planning process should include consideration of MIS needs at both the tactical and strategic levels. For example, at a tactical level MIS systems and report output should support the annual operating plan and budgetary processes. They should also be used in support of the long term strategic MIS and business planning initiatives. Without the development of an effective MIS, it is more difficult for management to measure and monitor the success of new initiatives and the progress of ongoing projects. Two mon examples of this would be the management of mergers and acquisitions or the continuing development and the introduction of new 瓊州學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設計） 17 products and services. Management needs to ensure that MIS systems are developed according to a sound methodology that enpasses the following phases: ? Appropriate analysis of system alternatives, approval points as the system is developed or acquired, and task anization. ? Program development and negotiation of contracts with equipment and software vendors. ? Development of user instructions, training, and testing of the system. ? Installation and maintenance of the system. Management should also consider use of project management techniques to monitor progress as the MIS system is being developed. Internal controls must be woven into the processes and periodically reviewed by auditors. Management also should ensure that managers and staff receive initial and ongoing training in MIS. In addition, user manuals should be available and provide the following information: ? A brief description of the application or system. ? Input instructions, including collection points and times to send updated information. ? Balancing and reconciliation procedures. ? A plete listing of output reports, including samples. Depending on the size and plexity of its MIS system, an institution may need to use different manuals for different users such as firstlevel users, unit managers, and programmers. MIS Reviews By its very nature, management information is designed to meet the unique needs of individual institutions. As a result, MIS requirements will vary depending on the size and plexity of the operations. For example,systems suitable for munity sized institutions will not necessarily be adequate for larger institutions. However, basic information needs or requirements are similar in all financial institutions regardless of size. The plexity of the operations and/or activities, together with institution size,point to the need for MIS of varying degrees of 瓊州學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設計） 18 plexity to support the decisionmaking processes. Examiners should base MIS reviews on an evaluation of whether the system(s) provide management and directors with the information necessary to guide operations, support timely decision Comptroller39。s Handbook 7 Management Information Systems making, and help management monitor progress toward reaching institutional goals and objectives. Although examiners should encourage management to develop sound information systems, they also should be reasonable in their expectations about what constitutes suitable MIS. Examiner MIS reviews are normally focused on a specific area of activity, on a clearly identifiable departmental or functional basis, or as a part of the activity being examined within a larger department. During the examination, the MIS review should occur at both a macro (big picture) level and also at the micro (functional/product oriented view of the business) level. The examinerincharge of the MISreview program should look at the useability and effectiveness of the corporatewide MIS examiner should also collect MIS related observations and information from the examinersincharge of the other areas under review. It would be very difficult for one examiner to attempt to perform a detailed MIS review for all of an anization39。s functional and operational areas of activity. It is practical and reasonable, however, to have this lead examiner coordinate and consolidate the MIS reviews from the other examination areas. The MIS related feedback received from other area examiners provides important and practical input to the MIS review examiner. The consolidation, coordination, and analysis of this MIS feedback can be used to reach supportable macrolevel conclusions and remendations for corporatewide MIS activities. MIS reviews in the functional or product review areas generally should be performed by an examiner who is considered to be a subject matter expert (SME) in the area of activities or operations that are being supported by the MIS systems or processes under review. The SME must have a thorough and plete understanding of the baseline business supported by the MIS system(s) under review. A solid 瓊州學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設計） 19 understanding of the business is fundamental to the pletion of a meaningful MIS review. The decisi