【導讀】equipment.resources.Assetcost. Usefullife. Patternofuse. Residual(salvage)valueisthe. uponretirement.perunitofoutput.tofutureperiods.oncash.depreciablecost,usefullife,oftheasset.SYD?Depreciation=515?theperiod.numeratorbyone.SYD?Depreciation=415?calculated.Ifdouble

　　

【正文】 t Retirement by Exchange for Other Nonmoary Assets 1163 A machine that cost $83,600 and has accumulated depreciation of $54,780 is exchanged for delivery equipment that has a fair market value of $43,600. Delivery Equipment 43,600 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery 54,780 Machinery 83,600 Gain on Exchange of Machinery 14,780 Asset Retirement by Exchange for Other Nonmoary Assets 1164 Asset Retirement by Exchange for Other Nonmoary Assets Assume the delivery equipment’s fair market value is not determinable, but the machinery has a market value of $25,000. Delivery Equipment 25,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery 54,780 Loss on Exchange of Machinery 3,820 Machinery 83,600 1165 Assume the delivery equipment’s fair market value is not determinable, but the machinery has a market value of $25,000. In addition to the delivery equipment, cash of $3,000 was received. Cash 3,000 Delivery Equipment 22,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery 54,780 Loss on Exchange of Machinery 3,820 Machinery 83,600 Fair market value of machine Asset Retirement by Exchange for Other Nonmoary Assets 1166 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance Example 1— No Cash Involved Republic Manufacturing Company owns a molding machine that it decided to exchange for a machine owned by Logan Square Company. The following cost and market data relate to the two machines: (continues) 1167 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance The entry on Republic’s books to record the exchange will be: Machinery (new) 14,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 32,000 Machinery 46,000 The entry on Logan’s books to record the exchange will be: Machinery (new) 16,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 37,700 Loss on Exchange of Machinery 300 Machinery (old) 54,000 Example 1— No Cash Involved 1168 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance Example 2— Small Amount of Cash Involved Assume the same facts as Example 1, except that it is agreed that Republic’s machine has a market value of $16,000 and Logan’s machine is worth $17,000. Republic pays Logan $1,000 cash. (continues) 17,000 1169 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance The entry on Republic’s books to record the exchange will be: Machinery (new) 15,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 32,000 Machinery 46,000 Cash 1,000 The entry on Logan’s books to record the exchange will be: Cash 1,000 Machinery (new) 15,300 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 37,700 Machinery (old) 54,000 Example 2— Small Amount of Cash Involved 1170 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance Example 3— Large Amount of Cash Involved Assume the same facts as in Example 1, except that it is agreed that Republic’s machine has a market value of $12,750 and Logan’s machine is worth $17,000. Republic pays Logan $4,250 cash. 12,750 17,000 (continues) 1171 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance The entry on Republic’s books to record the exchange will be: Machinery (new) 17,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 32,000 Loss on Exchange of Machinery 1,250 Machinery 46,000 Cash 4,250 (continues) Example 3— Large Amount of Cash Involved 1172 The entry on Logan’s books to record the exchange: Cash 4,250 Machinery (new) 12,750 Accumulated Depreciation—Machinery (old) 37,700 Machinery (old 54,000 Gain on Exchange of Machinery 700 Nonmoary Exchange without Commercial Substance How much cash constitutes an amount large enough to require the approach used in Example 3? The FASB failed to establish a ―bright line‖ test, so the old 25% rule will continue to serve as a guideline. Example 3— Large Amount of Cash Involved 1173 1. Nearest whole month. 2. Nearest whole year. 3. Halfyear convention. 4. No depreciation in year of acquisition。 full year depreciation in year of retirement. 5. Full year depreciation in year of acquisition。 no depreciation in year of retirement. Makes the most intuitive sense Depreciation for Partial Periods 1174 Depreciation for Partial Periods From this point, each year’s depreciation will be $6,333 less than the previous year’s depreciation. 1175 Depreciation for Partial Periods SumoftheYears’Digits Method 1176 Depreciation for Partial Periods DecliningBalance Method 1177 Ine Tax Depreciation ? The term cost recovery was used in the tax regulations to emphasize that ACRS is not a standard depreciation method because the system is not based strictly on asset life or pattern of use. ? Salvage values are ignored. ? Depreciate over three to five years. 1178 Ine Tax Depreciation The MACRS method for personal property also incorporates a halfyear convention, meaning that onehalf of a year’s depreciation is recognized on all assets purchased or sold during the year.