【導(dǎo)讀】今天，維護(hù)和提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和降低運(yùn)營(yíng)和維護(hù)成本是電力的首要任務(wù)。系統(tǒng)設(shè)備繼續(xù)老化，并逐漸惡化，由于組件故障增加的服務(wù)中斷的概率。維護(hù)策略是在提供安全可靠的電力客戶經(jīng)濟(jì)所必需的。條件為基礎(chǔ)的框架，且成本有效的維護(hù)，輸電和配電系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化方案。益激烈的電力輸送環(huán)境，電力公司被迫申請(qǐng)實(shí)用資產(chǎn)管理更加積極主動(dòng)的方法。力交貨資產(chǎn)管理的主要組成部分之一，是資本預(yù)算和現(xiàn)有設(shè)施。由于在許多情況下，建設(shè)和設(shè)備采購(gòu)的成本是固定的，支出為削減成本和潛在的儲(chǔ)蓄的主要候選人。斷增長(zhǎng)，保持高可靠性和電能質(zhì)量水平和管理設(shè)備老化。顧客不滿，善意的損失，并最終失去客戶。的三倍大小ofany目前在空氣中的其他客機(jī)。對(duì)于重大件設(shè)備，電力變壓器，如RCM可能表明，預(yù)測(cè)性維修是一個(gè)有吸引力的。RCM是一個(gè)基于條件的維護(hù)計(jì)劃，重點(diǎn)是防止有可能是最嚴(yán)重的失敗?？梢院苋菀捉忉尩幕靖拍詈突驹瓌t的RCM。

　　

【正文】 nsistent level of maintenance in all departments, thus enhancing and optimizing the maintenance process. In order to establish a maintenance program, the RCM process needs to be the driving point. Figure 2. Shows different strategies required for a maintenance optimization program. The classical 13 RCM process involves identifying the systems to be studied, their functions, functional failures, failure modes, failure causes, and the maintenance task selection The most critical pieces of equipment which affect the overall function of the system need to be identified. In other words, we need to identify equipment with severe consequences when failed. Also, critical customers and the equipment leading to their loads need to be identified. All equipment affecting these customers need to be analyzed, and the most critical pieces of equipment should be determined. We also need to understand the customer needs in terms of reliability, safety, power quality, cost, etc. These attributes must be weighted to determine the optimum maintenance policy to deal with these customers. In order to optimize the utilities’ maintenance program, all relevant information must be used to most effectively initiate, schedule, track, record, and analyze maintenance tasks. An open munication protocol that enables various monitoring devices (regardless of the manufacturer) to talk to each other, with utilityoffices, and with control centers would best suit the needs of electric utilities by integrating various data sources and other software modules. Currently, many large utility organizations perform some equipment diagnostic tests. Many have puterized their maintenance work management functions including retaining maintenance histories, logging significant operational activities, and maintaining a library of design information for equipment. The proper munication, integration and analysis of all of this information would result in more accurate remendations concerning when to perform maintenance and/or how to operate a specific piece of equipment. A typical problem in the industry is that, at times, a large amount of data is collected but it is not integrated and processed expediently for a quick evaluation. This results in the inability to make immediate Oamp。Mremendations, therebyadding cost for the collection of data while failing to provide cost benefit which could have been realized. Other factors that may contribute to maintenance improvement are: application of inexpensive sensor techniques and effective diagnostics to maintain equipment’s health。 data coordination from multiple sources for analysis and decision making。 a system for efficient exchange of information across Tamp。D and substations。 and experienced pool of trained professionals. The management should be prepared to invest in staff and hardware/software to actively manage the maintenance program. A team approach to RCM must be retained and the concept of RCM must be accepted in the organization. In order to use appropriate software and hardware, education and training efforts should be an 14 integral part of this process. The understanding of the basics of utility’s maintenance program and the working knowledge of the tools required by the staff must be assured. The key to sustaining a successful maintenance program is the development of a process that will ensure the continuance of maintenance program over a long period of time. It is necessary to periodically review and update the maintenance program using a structured method. Today, cutting operations and maintenance costs and preserving service reliability are the top priorities for managers of utility transmission and distribution systems. The concept of RCM is sound and should provide utilities with a structured approach to a maintenance program with an optimum balance between cost of maintenance and reliability improvement. RCM and PdM analyses plement each other, and when performed simultaneously, offer an excellent approach to maintenance optimization. [1] G. J. Anders, Probability Concepts in Electric Power Systems, 1990, John Wiley amp。 Sons. [2] J. Moubray, ReliabilityCentered Maintenance, Industrial Press Inc., 1992. [3] A. M. Smith, ReliabilityCentered Maintenance, McGrawHill Book Co., 1993. [4] S. Asgarpoor and C. Singh, “Methods for Detection of Equipment Aging and Incorporating it in the Reliability Analysis”, Proceedings of NSF Symposium on Electric Power Systems Infrastructure, Pullman, WA, October 1994. [5] J. Douglas, “The Maintenance Revolution”, EPRI Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, May/June 1995, pp. 615.