【導(dǎo)讀】額持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)超過(guò)20年。本文認(rèn)為，目前中國(guó)紡織行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)仍然是基于傳統(tǒng)。中國(guó)加入WTO后，有一些弊端，如產(chǎn)業(yè)和貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)，貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)中國(guó)紡?？棙I(yè)發(fā)展的阻礙。紡織工業(yè)一直是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱，得益于其在要素稟賦和市場(chǎng)規(guī)模的優(yōu)勢(shì)。紡織部門的貿(mào)易額在過(guò)去25年增長(zhǎng)了倍。國(guó)紡織品的生產(chǎn)和出口都位居世界前列。相比較而言，服裝業(yè)是高強(qiáng)度勞動(dòng)，而在紡織行業(yè)，尤其是在化纖行業(yè)，中國(guó)紡織行業(yè)顯示了材料供應(yīng)，勞動(dòng)力。力優(yōu)勢(shì)在發(fā)展中國(guó)家是傾向于被通過(guò)不斷提高生產(chǎn)效率在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家削弱。業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家從而可以維持較高的利潤(rùn)，而同時(shí)降低了生產(chǎn)。在與國(guó)外同行相比，中國(guó)的紡織行業(yè)呈現(xiàn)出以下幾方面，預(yù)計(jì)在不久的。中國(guó)工人的平均受教育期為10年，這是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。業(yè)在短期內(nèi)面臨各種保護(hù)，但它并不妨礙中國(guó)的不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的融入世界市場(chǎng)。來(lái)自中國(guó)的紡織產(chǎn)品，目前主要占據(jù)低。的紡織行業(yè)，并已成為世界第三大棉紡織品供應(yīng)商。產(chǎn)商產(chǎn)量高達(dá)20％，它占據(jù)印度的聚集出口的25％。

　　

【正文】 na under veil of interest of the least developed economies. 14 中國(guó)紡織品的政策建議 23 摘要 紡織品和服裝產(chǎn)品的配額結(jié)束于 2020 年 1 月 1 日，根據(jù)協(xié)議對(duì)紡織品和成衣，以及全球紡織品貿(mào)易應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)向自由貿(mào)易管理制度。擴(kuò)大全球市場(chǎng)，從而擴(kuò)大中國(guó)的紡織產(chǎn)品，但在這一領(lǐng)域的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)正日益加劇。因此，如何在“后配額時(shí)代”期間，正確理解國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局，通過(guò)優(yōu)化程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)和潛在的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，發(fā)展路徑，探索戰(zhàn)略，以促進(jìn)今后的生產(chǎn)和出口，從而達(dá)到這一支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，是一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的問(wèn)題，以配件供應(yīng)爭(zhēng)辯說(shuō)，對(duì)紡織行業(yè)的依賴，中國(guó)有效地實(shí)施三大戰(zhàn)略才是未來(lái)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。 ，促進(jìn)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì) 行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化，提高人力資本存量和技術(shù)是先決條件，在中國(guó)的紡織行業(yè)要實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新以及產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)。從目前來(lái)看，產(chǎn)品與客戶和低附加值提供的材料受到了廣大中國(guó)的紡織產(chǎn)品。因此，有必要對(duì)中國(guó)的紡織行業(yè)摒棄傳統(tǒng)的追求數(shù)量和規(guī)模，并更加重視提高附加值，提升核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。 ，也是中國(guó)企業(yè)國(guó)際化戰(zhàn)略的多樣化 中國(guó)的紡織品出口市場(chǎng)主要集中在香港，日本，歐盟和韓國(guó)。高密度 的出口市場(chǎng)，使中國(guó)的紡織產(chǎn)品在很大程度上依賴于幾個(gè)主要市場(chǎng)，因而容易受到突然燃起的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端。中國(guó)紡織企業(yè)應(yīng)該抓住機(jī)遇開拓非洲，拉丁美洲和東歐等新興市場(chǎng)，中國(guó)紡織行業(yè)應(yīng)該保持其市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略，并不斷開拓新的出口市場(chǎng)，并加強(qiáng)在“后配額傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng)時(shí)代“ ，以保持出口平穩(wěn)發(fā)展。國(guó)際化戰(zhàn)略指的是紡織企業(yè)在中國(guó)可以購(gòu)買或建造生產(chǎn)，銷售的紡織品企業(yè)在其出口市場(chǎng)，以跳貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)中國(guó)紡織產(chǎn)品，并減少中國(guó)紡織品和進(jìn)口國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的頻率。 “國(guó)際化”不僅是在開放過(guò)程中的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，也是企業(yè)的重要國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)手段。 配 額的取消“后配額時(shí)代降低出口成本，激勵(lì)出口商的積極性，這導(dǎo)致了三個(gè)”大幅增加“中國(guó)紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)，即急劇上升的生產(chǎn)，出口和就業(yè)。這些增加可能會(huì)損害中國(guó)的整體出口，如果政府未能跟上出口秩序，因此產(chǎn)生的貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端與主要進(jìn)口國(guó)。雖然官方的干擾，被廣泛聘用在中國(guó)計(jì)劃時(shí)代，控制了出口，市場(chǎng)的方法，其中包括匯率，缺點(diǎn)和出口關(guān)稅，應(yīng)主要由政府通過(guò)在當(dāng)前市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì) 2 Movius, Lisa ，中國(guó)化工報(bào)道 15 規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序和紡織品出口。 此外，政府和行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)應(yīng)該分析協(xié)議紡織品及成衣，以找出中國(guó)的紡織品出口好手段，改善與其他國(guó)家的政策合作，探討紡織品進(jìn)口國(guó)的貿(mào)易政策，引 入靈活的措施來(lái)刺激出口和解決貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端，通過(guò) WTO 框架與其他 WTO 成員內(nèi)談判。中國(guó)政府和行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)要積極努力建立 政府指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，涉及政府，行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)和企業(yè)。政府和行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)也應(yīng) 構(gòu)建工業(yè)信息中心和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。為了克服技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘，政府和企業(yè)應(yīng)提供紡織企業(yè)提供援助。 16 The Policy Suggestions of China’s Textile24 Abstract Quota in textiles and clothing products es to end on January 1st, 2020, according to Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC), and global textile trade should turn to free trade administration system. An enlarged global market is thereby accessible to China’s textile products, yet rivalry in this sector is increasingly intensified. Hence, how to correctly prehend the international petition pattern during the ‘post quota era’, program developing path through realized and latent parative and petitive advantage, explore strategies to foster future production and export, so as to reach continuable development in this pillar industry, is a critical issue to argue that keys for China’s future development of textile industry lie in effective implementation of three strategies. 1. Turn from simple scale expansion to expansion of high valueadded products and promote kernel petitive advantage Optimization of industry structure, enhancement in human capital stock and technology are preconditions to continuable development, petitive advantage, technology innovation as well as to industrial upgrade in China’s textile industry. For the time being, products with materials supplied by clients and with low added value are the majority of China’s textile products. It is therefore imperative for China’s textile industry to abandon traditional pursuit in quantity and scale, and to place greater emphasis on enhancing added value and upgrading kernel petitive advantage. of China’s export markets and internationalization strategy of China’s firms China’s textile export markets are concentrated in Hong Kong, Japan, EU and Korea. High concentration in export markets makes China’s textile products rely heavily on several major markets, and thus vulnerable to suddenly kindled trade disputes. Textile firms of China ought to hold opportunities to exploit newly emerging markets in Africa, Latin America and East Europe etc. China’s textile industry should keep on its market diversification strategy, and exploit new export markets as well as 2 Movius, Lisa， China Chemical Reporter 17 strengthen traditional markets in the ‘post quota era’, in order to maintain smooth export development. The internationalization strategy refers to that textile firms in China can purchase or construct producing or sales textile corporations in their export markets, in order to jump the trade barriers to Chinese textile products and reduce the frequency of trade disputes between China and textile import countries. ‘Internationalization’is not only a developing strategy during the opening process, but also firms’important peting instrument in international petition. 3. Government’s effective regulation and establishment of industrial earlywarning system Cancellation of quota in the ‘post quota era reduces export cost and inspires exporters’enthusiasm, which leads to three ‘sharp increases’of China’s textile industry, namely, sharp increases in production, export and employment. These increases may impair China’s holistic export if the government fails to keep exporting order and therefore incur trade disputes with major importing official interferences were widely employed in Chinese Planning Era to control over export, market method, which includes exchange rate, drawbacks and exporting tariff, should mainly be adopted by the government in current market economy to regulate market order and textile export. In addition, the government and industry associations ought to analyze Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) to find out good means for China’s textile export, improve policy cooperation with other countries, investigate trade policies of textile importing countries, introduce flexible measures to stimulate exports, and settle trade disputes through negotiation within WTO framework with other WTO members. Chinese government and industrial associations should make active effort to establish a governmentguided industrial earlywarning system which involves government, industrial associations and firms. Government and industrial associations should also construct industrial information centers and databases. In order to overe technical trade barriers, government and enterprises should provide textile enterprises with assistance, especially in information collection toward technology statutes, techn