【正文】 orning and summons the rest of the world to his tasks. He cries, and someone es to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not pletely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.（1）What is said about the two deceased elderly women? lived out a natural life. died of exhaustion after the long plane ride. weren39。t used to the change in weather. died due to lack of care by family members.（2）The author had to conduct the two women39。s funerals probably because . wanted to fort the two families was an official from the munity had great pity for the deceased was minister of the local church（3）People feel guilty for the death of their loved ones because . found the funerals unsatisfactory believed that they were responsible had ignored the natural course of events didn39。t know things often turn in the opposite direction（4）People have been made to believe since babyhood that . should try to meet others39。 needs and death is an unsolved mystery story should have a happy ending wishes are the cause of everything that happens【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過兩個(gè)已故夫人的兒子自責(zé)的話語，引出并分析了人們產(chǎn)生負(fù)罪感的兩個(gè)因素。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Both had died‘full of years’, as the Bible would say.”正如《圣經(jīng)》所說，兩人都已“老死”?？芍?，這兩個(gè)老婦人是正常、自然死亡的。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“as the Bible would say”正如《圣經(jīng)》所說；以及“One January, I had to hold two funerals for two elderly women in my munity.”一月的一天，我要為我們社區(qū)的兩位老婦人舉行兩場葬禮?？芍髡咝叛觥妒ソ?jīng)》并主持葬禮，由此推出作者的身份應(yīng)為牧師。故選D。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course—keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation—would have turned out better.”因?yàn)樗麄儾扇〉男袆咏Y(jié)果是糟糕的，他們認(rèn)為相反的做法——讓母親呆在家里，推遲手術(shù)——結(jié)果會更好?？芍?，他們認(rèn)為如果自己選擇相反的做法，母親就不回去世了，認(rèn)為自己有責(zé)任。故選B。 （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“A baby es to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it.”一個(gè)嬰兒開始認(rèn)為世界的存在是為了滿足他的需要，他讓一切都發(fā)生在世界上。可知，人們從嬰兒時(shí)期就意識到是他們的愿望是世界上一切發(fā)生的原因。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said recycling is garbage. According to him, Recycling programs offer mainly shortterm benefits to a few related groups while diverting money from real social and environmental problems. It doubles energy consumption and pollution while costing taxpayers more money than dealing with old garbage. Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America. Environmental groups were quick to respond to Tierney by issuing reports detailing the benefits of recycling and showing how municipal (市政的) recycling programs reduce pollution and the use of resources while decreasing the amount of garbage and the need for landfill space — all for less, not more, than the cost of regular garbage collection and disposal(處置). But in 2002, New York City, an early municipal recycling pioneer, found that its muchpraised recycling program was losing money, so it eliminated glass and plastic recycling. According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—recycling cost twice as much as disposal. Meanwhile, low demand for the materials meant that much of it was ending up in landfills anyway. NYC closed its last landfill and brought in a more efficient system, with more famous service providers than it had used previously. The lessons learned by New York are applicable everywhere. Some early recycling programs waste resources and lead to new trash. But the situation has improved as cities have gained experience. If managed correctly, recycling programs should cost cities and taxpayers less than garbage disposal for any given amount of material. Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even bees an option.（1）John Tierney thought that recycling ___________. a waste of money to a lack of employers beneficial to the environment bee popular in the future（2）What39。s the meaning of the underlined word eliminated in Paragraph 3? ....（3）What does the last paragraph imply? should make recycling an option. recycling programs are in a bad situation. should develop the awareness of resource saving. should be considered first in recycling work.（4）What can be the best title for this passage? harm of recycling recycling really beneficial? recycling work in New York City environmental protection making progress?【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，自從1996年作家John Tierney說“回收是垃圾”時(shí)，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就沒有停止過。有人認(rèn)為回收是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費(fèi)的活動，而一些環(huán)境小組還詳細(xì)列出了回收的好處，但是一些早期的回收項(xiàng)目也漸漸暴露出了問題。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America.”回收可能是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費(fèi)的一項(xiàng)活動，可知，他認(rèn)為回收是浪費(fèi)錢的。故選A。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—recycling cost twice as much as disposal.”根據(jù)市長所言，回收塑料和玻璃在價(jià)格方面超標(biāo)了回收的費(fèi)用是處理費(fèi)用的兩倍，可推知，紐約取消了回收塑料和玻璃。所以根據(jù)上下文的語境可以判斷出，劃線詞的意思為“取消”。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even bees an option.”盡管回收比處理的好處有很多，大家應(yīng)該記住，在回收成為一個(gè)選擇之前，減少垃圾和反復(fù)利用物品對環(huán)境是更有利的。，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有資源節(jié)約的意識。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said ‘recycling is garbage’.”自從1996年作家John Tierney說“回收是垃圾”時(shí)，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就開始了?？芍?，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo19 worldclass museums, galleries, and a zoo The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings. Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your mun