【正文】 meal consumed by oneself.D.A meal taken in a family atmosphere.（2）For what purpose did the researchers carry out the present experiments? A.To show the way food is served.B.To prove sharing food increases petition.C.To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.D.To find out whether sharing food can get people close emotionally.（3）Why were participants asked to eat up the snack before the game? A.To add to their energy.B.To reward them for their participation.C.To hide the intention of the experiment.D.To avoid the distraction during the game.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了外交宴席的心理學(xué)，研究表明，從中間菜采取的“家庭式”餐，可以大大改善后續(xù)談判的結(jié)果。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of petition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result.”他們形成了一套理論，認(rèn)為一方面，與他人一起吃飯可能表明糧食短缺，并加強(qiáng)了競爭的概念。然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動合作性的行為。可知familystyle指的是與別人一起用餐，故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments.”然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動合作性的行為。 出于好奇心，他們做了一系列實驗?？芍xC。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“As a cover for the experiment, all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began.”作為實驗的掩護(hù)，所有受試者都得告在游戲開始前就要吃完這些零食?？芍xC。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。7．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Escaping predators (食肉動物), digestion and other animal activities—including those of humans—require oxygen. But that essential ingredient is no longer so easy for marine life to obtain, several new studies reveal. In the past decade ocean oxygen levels have taken a dive—an alarming trend that is linked to climate change, says Andreas Oschlies, an oceanographer at the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research in Germany, whose team tracks ocean oxygen levels worldwide. We were surprised by the intensity of the changes we saw, how rapidly oxygen is going down in the ocean and how large the effects on marine ecosystems are, he says. It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (熱帶的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally. A warming ocean loses oxygen for two reasons: First, the warmer a liquid bees, the less gas it can hold. That is why carbonated drinks go flat faster when left in the sun. Second, as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth. Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into foodscarce regions. Climate change already poses serious problems for marine life, such as ocean acidification, but deoxygenation is the most pressing issue facing sea animals today, Oschlies says. After all, he says, they all have to breathe. Aside from food web problems, animals face various other physiological challenges as their bodies adjust to lower oxygen levels. Chinese shrimp (蝦) move their tails less vigorously to preserve energy in lower oxygen environments. Some creatures, such as jellyfishes, are more tolerant of low oxygen than others are. But all animals will feel the impact of deoxygenation because they all have evolved their oxygen capacity for a reason, says Oschlies. Any drop in oxygen is going to damage survivability and performance, he says.（1）According to the first two paragraphs, what worries scientists the most? A.The worsening deoxygenation in the warming ocean.B.The survival of predators and various marine animals.C.The alarmingly changeable oxygen levels in the ocean.D.The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.（2）Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean? A.Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.B.Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.C.The surface polar ice water prevents oxygen going down.D.Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.（3）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals39。 natural territories.B.Ocean acidification is more serious a problem than deoxygenation.C.Not all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.D.Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A.The Oxygen Levels of Marine LifeB.Ocean Warming Affects Food WebC.The Survivability of Ocean AnimalsD.The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了海洋氧含量下降是一個與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢。同時介紹了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對海洋生物的影響和對其生存的威脅。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (熱帶的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of