【正文】 ral relativism(相對主義), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries. History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today39。s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future. In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because the general principles of taste are uniform(不變的) in human nature, the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries. Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism? A.It introduces different cultural values.B.It explains the history of artistic works.C.It relates artistic values to local conditions.D.It excites the human mind throughout the world.（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ . A.great works of art can go beyond national boundariesB.history gives art works special appeal to set them apartC.popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsD.great artists are skilled at bining various cultures（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ . A.they are results of scientific studyB.they establish some general principles of artC.they are created by the world39。s greatest artistsD.they appeal to unchanging features of human nature（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A.Are Artistic Values Universal?B.Are Popular Arts Permanent?C.Is Human Nature Uniform?D.Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了根據(jù)文化相對主義，藝術(shù)作品在永恒受歡迎的原因是人類的審美具有共同性，并且就此展開說明。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相對主義), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.”可知根據(jù)相對主義，藝術(shù)作品就是把藝術(shù)的價值與當?shù)氐纳鐣?jīng)濟條件結(jié)合在一塊，故選C。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today39。s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art.”可知不會把莫扎特與日本的音樂進行比較，正如日本的畫作與巴黎的畫廊進行比較，藝術(shù)作品是沒有國界的，故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because‘ the general principles of taste are uniform(不變的) in human nature, the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.’ ”可知Davide曾辯論到風格的原則上是沒有變化的，所以一些藝術(shù)是可能會永生的，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要從相對論的角度來說，藝術(shù)的價值只能反應(yīng)當時的社會經(jīng)濟，但作者提出不同的觀點，故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Food festivals are a mon occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times. Whatever your taste, there39。s a food festival to match no matter how specialized. Meatopia This threeday, Londonbased festival takes place at the end of August and is a meat lover39。s paradise. In addition to a range of meat products, from burgers to steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery shows, and attend informal meatbased workshops. Vegfest If you prefer a festival that will help you meet your five a day, then Vegfest fest is for you. This veganfriendly event takes place several times a year. Here you can enjoy a wide selection of freshly prepared vegetables, learn cooking tips and hear talks on nutrition to help you make the most of your plantbased search. The Marmalade Festival Held in Cumbria, this festival has been running for 13 years. It includes a petition to find the best homemade marmalade. There are thousands of entries from over 30 different countries across the globe. The Ginger (姜) and spice Festival The Ginger and spice Festival, held in Market Drayton, celebrates its town39。s historic connection to Robert Clive, who returned from India with ginger. Because of this, they specialize in baking gingerbread, but also sell a range of spices from mild to hot. The National Honey show It started in 1921 and is the largest event of its kind. This threeday event attracts over 2000 participants to their traditional petition and offers lectures and workshops on beekeeping and, of course, that syrupy golden honey. While people39。s tastes are different from each other, the UK has something to offer most people. From largescale festivities, to the smaller gatherings, one thing is certain: people are passionate about their food. And while some of the products on offer might be strange to someone, when food is given that much attention, it39。s unlikely to leave a bad taste in anyone39。s mouth.（1）Which is TRUE according to the passage? A.People can enjoy a wide selection of meat in Vegfest.B.Meatopia falls on August 31 every year.C.The Marmalade Festival is just known by the British.D.Robert Clive took ginger to the UK from India.（2）Which festival will be most a tractive for people having a sweet tooth? A.MeatopiaB.The Ginger and spice Festival,C.Vegfest.D.The National Honey show.（3）In which part of a