【正文】 。C.awfulD.unforgettable（5）What can we learn from the passage? A.It was a waste of time to give grandchildren the recipe.B.All women are not lucky to follow their own dreams in America now.C.Housewives received recognition for their efforts from family members.D.The uppermiddleclass white women did a better job in running the household.（6）What is the author39。s main purpose in writing this passage? A.To show great appreciation to her grandmas.B.To call on housewives to claim the pay for the housework they undertake.C.To draw readers39。 attention to the situations women face, especially those poor and of color.D.To arouse women39。s awareness of equal pay at work.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）C（5）B（6）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認(rèn)為在日常生活中擁有選擇的自由是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來，同時(shí)想讓讀者注意到女性所面臨的處境，尤其是那些貧窮的有色人種。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they wear and how they spend their time. That39。s the future our foremothers fought for.”每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該很幸運(yùn)，能夠決定自己穿什么，如何度過時(shí)間。這就是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來，可知，作者認(rèn)為在日常生活中擁有選擇的自由是我們的祖先為之奮斗的未來。故選B。 （2）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第十三段中的“If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream.”如果你要照顧一個(gè)家庭，服侍你的丈夫，你就沒有時(shí)間去追求你的夢想，除非你把它當(dāng)成你的夢想，可知，that指代的其實(shí)是前面的內(nèi)容，也就是taking care of a family, waiting on your husband。故選C。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第十四段中的“A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now.”很多女性采取了這種方式。我們現(xiàn)在稱之為Stockholm Syndrome，可知，我們現(xiàn)在把1950s很多女性接受了這個(gè)方式生活下去的這個(gè)現(xiàn)象稱作Stockholm Syndrome。根據(jù)上文可知，1950s很多女性的生活方式則是——照顧家庭、服侍丈夫、沒有時(shí)間去追求自己的夢想，這對(duì)女性來講是不公平的，故選A。 （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“I think it39。s important to remember that being a 1950s housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers fought against.”我認(rèn)為重要的是要記住，作為一個(gè)50年代的家庭主婦實(shí)際上是非常糟糕的，這是我們的祖母和母親所反對(duì)的?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為20世紀(jì)50年代家庭主婦的生活很糟糕。故選C。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“Holte has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky.”霍爾特有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)她的夢想。不是每個(gè)美國女人都這么幸運(yùn)?？赏浦诿绹?，并不是所有的女性都有機(jī)會(huì)追逐自己的夢想。故選B。 （6）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“We still don39。t have pay equality and in many states, we still don39。t have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers.”我們?nèi)匀粵]有薪酬平等，在許多州，我們?nèi)匀粵]有對(duì)自己身體的自主權(quán)。貧困婦女和有色人種婦女仍然缺乏與富裕和白人婦女同等的機(jī)會(huì)。由可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是讓讀者注意到女性所面臨的情況，尤其是那些貧窮和有色人種的情況。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，代詞指代，詞義猜測和推理判斷四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you39。re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (獎(jiǎng)杯)? If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She39。s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn39。t have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best. The trophy has to stand for something, Dweck told TFK. If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value. Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best. Others say that there39。s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved. I think we should encourage kids39。 participation in sports, says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. A trophy is one way to encourage kids39。 efforts. Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. Winning is only part of the equation (等式), Barish told TFK. Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise. There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about petition as they get older, says Barish. They39。ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there39。s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.（1）According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy? , the most attractive player of the soccer team., a soccer player who is both clever and funny., who is ready to help his partners to score goals., a soccer player who tries his best to win the game（2）Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with? is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone. fond of playing sports should be rewarded. should be given trophies for trying their best. is necessary to encourage kids39。 participation in sports.（3）The underlined phrase single out in Paragraph 6 probably means ________． （4）What is the best title of the passage? deserves a trophy? kids deserve a trophy does a trophy deserve? player deserves a trophy【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。如果孩子參加體育比賽，那么是不是每個(gè)人都該得到獎(jiǎng)杯呢？作者就這個(gè)問題給出了兩種不同的看法。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.”可知，斯坦福大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授Carol Dweck認(rèn)為，進(jìn)步最大的、對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神貢獻(xiàn)最多的和表現(xiàn)最佳的運(yùn)動(dòng)員都應(yīng)獲獎(jiǎng)。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“I think we should encourage kids39。 participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids39。 efforts.”可知，紐約市威爾康乃爾醫(yī)學(xué)院的心理學(xué)教授Kenneth Barish認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)孩子參加體育活動(dòng)，頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)杯就是一種激勵(lì)方式。故選D。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第六段中的“Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything.”可知，Baris