【正文】 fa onto the floor. Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, I don39。t like your dress。 it39。s ugly. One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home. Where did we go wrong? her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.（1）The boy on the sofa would most probably be described as _______. （2）From the second example we can infer that the parents of the two daughters ______ no attention to them too busy to look after them e to hate them helpless to do much about them（3）What is the author39。s opinion about the sudden change in teenage children? have no choice but to try to accept it. should be to blame for it. should work more closely with school teachers. are at fault for the change in their children.（4）This text is most probably written by _______. specialist in teenager studies headmaster of a middle school parent with teenage children doctor for mental health problems【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，在孩子的教育問(wèn)題方面，父母親不應(yīng)該責(zé)備自己，因?yàn)樗麄円矝](méi)有什么可以做的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sprawling himself (懶散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me.”全身趴在沙發(fā)上，當(dāng)我走進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，根本沒(méi)打算要關(guān)掉他正在看的開(kāi)的很大聲的電視，他的問(wèn)候不過(guò)是瞥了我一眼，可知當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，這個(gè)男孩沒(méi)有和我打招呼，只是瞥了我一眼。說(shuō)明他非常沒(méi)有禮貌，很粗魯。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Where did we go wrong?’her parents are now very sad.”她的父母非常難過(guò)，“我們哪兒錯(cuò)了?”可知這兩個(gè)女孩的父母感覺(jué)很無(wú)助，不知道自己錯(cuò)在哪里。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Parents should stop blaming themselves because there39。s not a lot they can do about it.”家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該停止自責(zé)，因?yàn)閷?duì)于青少年問(wèn)題，沒(méi)有很多他們可以做的，可知關(guān)于孩子的教育問(wèn)題，父母親不應(yīng)該責(zé)備自己，因?yàn)樗麄円矝](méi)有什么可以做的；再根據(jù)“at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.”可知在某些時(shí)候，孩子都會(huì)變得非常難以理解，作為父母親只能接受現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。作者在第一段中提及了有時(shí)候父母在教育孩子時(shí)無(wú)計(jì)可施，只能接受現(xiàn)實(shí)。接下來(lái)列舉了兩個(gè)例子，都是關(guān)于兒童教育失敗?？芍髡咦羁赡苁且粋€(gè)教育方面的專家。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 For a generation now, school reform has meant what students must be taught and carried out by standardized(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的)tests. Here39。s a thought experiment. Suppose that next year almost every student passed the tests. What would the reaction be from people? Would they shake their heads in respect and say, Damn, those teachers must be good!? Of course not. Such remarkable success would be used as evidence that the tests were too easy and it needs to raise standards. High standards really means standards that all students will never be able to meet. My little thought experiment uncovers a truth that we have been taught to respond with doubt whenever all members of any group are successful. In America, success doesn39。t count unless it is got by only a few. Consider widespread plaints about grade inflation(膨脹) in higher education. Many people don39。t even bother to stress that grades have risen over time. They simply point to how many students get A39。s right now. The goal, in other words, isn39。t to do well but to defeat other people who are also trying to do well. Grades in testing should be used to announce who39。s beating whom. A school39。s final task, apparently, is not to help everyone learn but to prepare the game so that there will always be losers. This makes no sense in any situation. Perhaps, for example, we can defend rating states or nations based on the quality of their air, health care or schools, but ranking them is foolish. School testing ranking doesn39。t lead to improvements in performance but tends to hold us back from doing our best. It makes productive teamwork less likely and leads all concerned to focus not on meaningful improvements but on trying to beat everyone else. Most of all, it encourages the false belief that excellence is a zerosum game. It would be more reasonable to rescue the spirit of the concept: Everyone may not succeed, but at least in theory all of us could.（1）What did the writer39。s thought experiment prove? teachers represent higher test scores. is regarded as a rare thing. tests are usually too easy. don39。t meet the test standards.（2）What does the writer think American schools seem to do? teachers to teach better. the belief of beating others. all students do well at school. the existence of failures.（3）What is the writer39。s attitude towards schools testing ranking? ....（4）What is the best title for the text? Can Students Succeed? Can39。t Everyone Get A39。s? Standards Do Schools Set? Get Best Grades at School?【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者通過(guò)一個(gè)思維實(shí)驗(yàn)推導(dǎo)出了學(xué)校等級(jí)排名的不合理性，認(rèn)為學(xué)校的這種做法在灌輸錯(cuò)誤的觀念。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“My little thought experiment uncovers a truth that we have been taught to respond with doubt whenever all members of any group are successful.”我這個(gè)小的思維實(shí)驗(yàn)揭示了一個(gè)真理：每次無(wú)論是哪個(gè)組內(nèi)成員全部成功的時(shí)候，我們總是被教育的持懷疑的態(tài)度，可知，我們總是認(rèn)為優(yōu)秀是一件很稀有的事情，所以我們不相信一群人都同時(shí)很優(yōu)秀。故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“A school39。s final task, apparently, is not to help everyone learn but to prepare the game so that there will always be losers.” 顯然，學(xué)校的最后一項(xiàng)任務(wù)不是幫助每個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)，而是為比賽做準(zhǔn)備，讓失敗者永遠(yuǎn)存在，可知，作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)學(xué)校似乎在確保失敗的存在。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“but ranking them is foolish. School testing ranking doesn39。t lead to improvements in performance but tends to hold us back from doing our best. It makes productive teamwork less likely and leads all concerned to focus not on meaningful improvements but on trying to beat everyone else.” 但是給他們排名是愚蠢的。 學(xué)校測(cè)試排名并不能帶來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的提高，反而會(huì)阻礙我們發(fā)揮最佳水平。 它降低了高效率的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的可能性，并導(dǎo)致所有關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)不是有意義的進(jìn)步，而是試圖打敗其他人，由此判斷出，作者對(duì)學(xué)校排名持不同意的態(tài)度。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段和第二段點(diǎn)明了現(xiàn)在教學(xué)中常出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象：成功只能被少數(shù)人獲得。后邊幾個(gè)段落都批判了這種做法的不合理性，認(rèn)為學(xué)校的這種做法在灌輸錯(cuò)誤的觀念。 B： Why Can39。t Everyone Get A39。s?“為什么不能每個(gè)人都得A呢？”利用反問(wèn)句體現(xiàn)了這一思想，并且這個(gè)反問(wèn)的話題與第二段作者引出話題所使用的的例子一致。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Many studies have hinted(暗示) that alcohol, in moderation, can do a he