【正文】 courage its growth. Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking(模仿) the private education39。s virtues. Freedom from independent management is at the root of its superior performance and greater efficiency. Governments should therefore do their best to give school principals more freedom to innovate and to fire underperforming teachers. To spread the benefit of private schools more widely, governments should work with them, paying for education through vouchers(代金券) which children can spend in private schools. And vouchers should be limited to students in nonselective schools that do not charge topup fees。 otherwise governments will find themselves helping the better off and increasing inequality. The world faces plenty of problems. Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding solutions.（1）What do we know about private education? A.More developed countries enjoy it.B.It attracts more and more investment.C.Public education will replace it in the future.D.It has helped governments to remove inequality.（2）What does the underlined phrase taking up the slack in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Filling the gap.B.Setting the place.C.Breaking the balance.D.Avoiding the risk.（3）Why has private education been developing rapidly in Vietnam? A.The population in Vietnam is shrinking dramatically.B.Its state education is worse than other developing countries.C.Some people want better education for their children than others.D.The government intends private education to shape young minds.（4）The sentence But private schools also increase inequality. can be put in . A.①B.②C.③D.④（5）What does the author advise governments to do? A.Train school principals.B.Sell vouchers to children.C.learn from private education.D.Fire underperforming teachers.（6）What39。s the author39。s opinion about private education? A.Private education should be based on state education.B.Private education should be targeted at welloff families.C.Governments should prevent the spread of private education.D.Governments should celebrate the popularity of private education.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）C（6）D 【解析】【分析】本文主要論述私人教育在發(fā)達國家不重視，但是發(fā)展中國家大受歡迎，有些人對私人教育的發(fā)展不高興，他們認為私人教育加劇了不公平性，有些政府甚至阻止其發(fā)展，針對這個現(xiàn)象，作者提出了看法：這種做法是錯誤的。人們應該歡迎私人教育，并廣泛地傳播它的好處。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。文中原文this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world.因此答案選擇B。私人教育吸引了越來越多的投資。但是私立教育加劇了不平等，因此D選項錯誤。私人教育與公立教育并存，所以答案C錯誤。更多的發(fā)展中國家出現(xiàn)了正在受益，所以A也錯誤。故選B。 （2）詞義猜測題。對劃線單詞進行三句讀,Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking.印度私人教育現(xiàn)在教育了將近一半的兒童，在巴基斯坦超過三分之一。公立教育萎縮，私立教育填補空白。故選A。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。通過定位詞Vietnam找到文中richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus Vietnam, which has an outstanding stateschool system for a poor country, measured by its performance in the OECD39。s PISA test also has the fastestgrowing private ，故選C。 （4）推理判斷題。句子是：但是私人學校也會導致不平等。所以加入的段落應該更多會討論私人學校引發(fā)的不平等。所以我們找到只有第四處符合要求。They tend to sort children by ine, herding richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life 。 （5）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中,建議寫在了最后三段Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking (模仿）the private education39。s ，故選C。 （6）推理判斷題。最后一段作者說了Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding ：政府應該支持私立學校的發(fā)展以找到解決問題的辦法。故選D。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和詞義猜測題三種?？碱}型。細節(jié)理解題讀題干回原文找細節(jié)；推理判斷題結合上下文進行正向或逆向推測；詞義猜測題結合上下句和本句推斷答案。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 The World39。s Largest Libraries British Library (United Kingdom, London) The British Library was created by Act of Parliament in 1972。 previously, the library had been part of the British Museum, where the famous circular reading room had acmodated researchers including Karl Marx, who worked on 39。Das Kapital39。 there, as well as Oscar Wide and Mahatma Gandhi. The British Library is now housed in a new building in St. Pancras, London, where its treasures include two Gutenberg bibles, the Lindisfarne Gospels and one of Leonardo da Vmci39。s notebooks. Library of Congress (United States, Washington, D. C.) Founded in 1800 with the private collection of Thomas Jefferson, the Library of Congress is in effect the USA39。s National Library. It receives two copies of everything published in the United States. The Library of Congress wag burned by the British Army in 1812, and severely damaged by fire again in 1851. The collection includes many rare books, drawings and two Stradivarius violins. New York Public Library The New York Public Library developed gradually in the nineteenth century from the merger and acquisition (收購兼并) of a number of public and private collections。 it has many branches in different districts of New York City. It remains a structure which bines public and private finance and governance. Treasures held at the library include a Gutenberg Bible. Russian State Library (Moscow) Founded in 1862 as the Moscow public library and museum, this collection became the State Library in 1925. In consequence it receives copies of all Russian publications, and also holds large collections of maps, journals, music scores and recordings