【正文】 utes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid. Another reason for the fact that petitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research, petitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don39。t use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries. Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck. There can be no doubt that petitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.（1）What is the main purpose of petitive cheerleading? A.To pare skills of participants.B.To make the audience feel amused.C.To attract more people to watch events.D.To cheer up the petitors on the court.（2）The underlined word integrate in Paragraph 2 probably means ________. A.examineB.bineC.identifyD.replace（3）We can learn from the passage that petitive cheerleading ________. A.lacks necessary guidelines to followB.enjoys greater popularity than other sportsC.requires more designed actions than gymnasticsD.has a relatively high rate of damage to the body（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Subpoint (次要點(diǎn)) C: ConclusionA.B.C.D.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)不同于普通的啦啦隊(duì)，它是一項(xiàng)具有專業(yè)技能的運(yùn)動(dòng)，有自己的規(guī)則，融入了一些體操的技能。隊(duì)員必須有團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，隊(duì)員的受傷率很高。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“petitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a petitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity.”及最后一段中的“There can be no doubt that petitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. ”競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的運(yùn)動(dòng)，是一項(xiàng)具有專業(yè)技能的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy.”通常這些競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)長(zhǎng)會(huì)將他們的體操經(jīng)驗(yàn)融入其中，包括跳躍、翻滾和總能量。integrate指整合，結(jié)合，融入與bine同義，故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Another reason for the fact that petitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries.”及“Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.”可知，競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)很容易造成隊(duì)員受傷，會(huì)造成身體多個(gè)部位的傷害。故選D。 （4）考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段是總體介紹競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)，第二段介紹其包括內(nèi)容和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，第三、四段介紹其難度很高，第五段介紹競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)受傷率很高。最后一段得出結(jié)論競(jìng)技啦啦隊(duì)是一項(xiàng)專業(yè)技能的運(yùn)動(dòng)。屬于總分總結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和文章結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相對(duì)主義), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries. History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today39。s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future. In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because the general principles of taste are uniform(不變的) in human nature, the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries. Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism? A.It introduces different cultural values.B.It explains the history of artistic works.C.It relates artistic values to local conditions.D.It excites the human mind throughout the world.（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ . A.great works of art can go beyond national boundariesB.history gives art works special appeal to set them apartC.popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsD.great artists are skilled at bining various cultures（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ . A.they are results of scientific studyB.they establish some general principles of artC.they are created by the world39。s greatest artistsD.they appeal to unchanging features of human nature（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A.Are Artistic Values Universal?B.Are Popular Arts Permanent?C.Is Human Nature Uniform?D.Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了根據(jù)文化相對(duì)主義，藝術(shù)作品在永恒受歡迎的原因是人類的審美具有共同性，并且就此展開說(shuō)明。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“The values of artistic works,