【正文】 Artur Ekert, a professor of quantum physics at the University of Oxford, told BBC News. And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, It39。s a testament(見(jiàn)證)to China39。s investments and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group has been able to push research in practical quantum munication technologies to such an astronomical(天文學(xué)的)height.（1）According to the passage, why Micius is safe for transporting messages? A.Because it is only data base located in space, which cannot be touched.B.Because it only works at night, as the information isn39。t able to pass through sunlight.C.Because it uses particles that transmit light to transfer information from one to another.D.Because it doesn39。t score any important private information like passwords and s.（2）Which of the following can best describe scientists39。 words in the paper? A.It gave out the working principle of Micius.B.It tells of a kind of scientific appearance.C.It warned hackers not to steal information from Micius.D.It is a more apparent explanation of its safety.（3）What39。s the main problem of Micius? A.Its core technology is controlled in foreign countries.B.Light is a must in its working process.C.Its safety performance needs improving.D.Sunlight has a deadly influence on its working.（4）What39。s the best title of the passage? A.Leaping into an age of secure dataB.How should you avoid information hackersC.Old Problem, New ApproachesD.Taking on data theft【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了對(duì)于現(xiàn)代通信，安全是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。似乎我們總是聽(tīng)到黑客泄露電子郵件、密碼和其他重要的個(gè)人信息。最近中國(guó)發(fā)射了一顆名為墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息。我們可能很快就再也不用擔(dān)心數(shù)據(jù)安全問(wèn)題了。 （1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Micius is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution(量子密匙分發(fā)), which uses particles (粒子) that transmit(傳輸) light to transfer information from one point to another.（墨子號(hào)是第一顆使用量子密鑰分配（quantum key distribution，量子密鑰分配）的衛(wèi)星，它使用傳輸光的粒子將信息從一個(gè)點(diǎn)傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)點(diǎn)。）可知，因?yàn)槭褂昧孔觼?lái)傳輸，所以不會(huì)泄露重要的個(gè)人信息。故選C。 （2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Any eavesdropper on the quantum channel attempting to gain information … can be found by the municating users, the scientists wrote in the paper.（科學(xué)家們?cè)谡撐闹袑懙溃喝魏卧噲D獲取信息的量子信道竊聽(tīng)者……都可以被正在通信的用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，科學(xué)家在論文中的表述講述了一種科學(xué)現(xiàn)象。故選B。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中For example, the process only works at night, as the information isn39。t able to pass through sunlight.（例如，這個(gè)過(guò)程只在晚上進(jìn)行，因?yàn)樾畔o(wú)法通過(guò)陽(yáng)光。）可知，墨子號(hào)衛(wèi)星的主要問(wèn)題是陽(yáng)光對(duì)它的工作有致命的影響。故選D。 （4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容為介紹中國(guó)墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息，從而保護(hù)人們的信息安全。預(yù)示著我們將會(huì)進(jìn)入數(shù)據(jù)安全時(shí)代。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及推理判斷題和主旨大意題兩種?？碱}型。推理判斷題根據(jù)結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行合理的推斷，不主觀臆斷。主旨大意題把握文章的首尾段和關(guān)鍵詞。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 The world39。s insects are going down the path of extinction, threatening a catastrophic collapse of nature39。s ecosystems, according to the first global scientific review. More than 40％of insect species are declining and third are endangered, the analysis found. The rate of extinction is eight times faster than that of mammals, birds and reptiles. It should be of huge concern to all of us, for insects are at the heart of every food web. They pollinate (授粉) the large majority of plant species, keep the soil healthy, recycle nutrients, control pests, and much more. Love them or 1oathe them, we humans cannot survive without insects, said Prof Dave Goulson at the University of Sussex in the UK. The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive (集約型) agriculture is the main driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanisation and climate change are also significant factors. If insect species losses cannot be stopped, this will have catastrophic consequences for both the planet39。s ecosystems and for the survival of mankind. It is very rapid. In 10 years you will have a quarter less, in 50 years only half left and in 100 years you will have none, said review author Francisco S225。nchezBayo, at the University of Sydney, Australia. One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on many birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that eat insects. If this food source is taken away, all these animals starve to death, he said. Such effects have already been seen in Puerto Rico, where a recent study revealed a 98％fall in ground insects over 35 years. Matt Shardlow, at the conservation charity Buglife, said: It is thoughtful to see this evidence that shows the pitiful state of the world39。s insect populations. It is increasingly obvious that the planet39。s ecology is breaking and there is a need for a strong and global effort to prevent and change these terrible trends.（1）Why are people worried about the insect decline? A.They are vital to ecosystems.B.They provide food for pests.C.They pollinate all plants.D.They enrich the soil.（2）What is the main cause of insect losses? A.More and more trees.B.Restrictions on pesticides.C.Upgrading agriculture.D.Friendly environment.（3）Where can you find the exact time of insect losses? A.In paragraph 1.B.In paragraph 2.C.In paragraph 3.D.In paragraph 4.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Humans can survive the punishment of natureB.Insect declining is breaking nature39。s ecosystemsC.Nature39。s ecosystems are influenced by humansD.Insects and animals are dying out in Puerto Rico【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，昆蟲數(shù)量的減少正在破壞自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“The world39。s insects are going down the path of extinction, threatening a ‘catastrophic collapse of nature39。s ecosystems’.”可知，人們之所以擔(dān)心昆蟲數(shù)量的減少，是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)至關(guān)重要。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive (集約型) agriculture is the main driver of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides.”發(fā)表在《生物保護(hù)》雜志上的分析說(shuō)集約農(nóng)業(yè)是昆蟲下降的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力，尤其是大量使用農(nóng)藥。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“In 10 years you will have a quarter less, in 50 years only half left and in 100 ye