【正文】 dren who attend private schools are taken into account, their exams results are about the same as those in the state education. But in developing countries private schools are better—and much more efficient. A study of eight Indian states found that, in terms of learning outes per rupee, private schools were between times and 29 times more costeffective than state schools. ④ They tend to sort children by ine, herding richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life chances. That is one reason why many governments are troubled by their rise. Governments are right to worry about private education39。s contribution to inequality, but they are wrong to discourage its growth. Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking(模仿) the private education39。s virtues. Freedom from independent management is at the root of its superior performance and greater efficiency. Governments should therefore do their best to give school principals more freedom to innovate and to fire underperforming teachers. To spread the benefit of private schools more widely, governments should work with them, paying for education through vouchers(代金券) which children can spend in private schools. And vouchers should be limited to students in nonselective schools that do not charge topup fees。 otherwise governments will find themselves helping the better off and increasing inequality. The world faces plenty of problems. Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding solutions.（1）What do we know about private education? A.More developed countries enjoy it.B.It attracts more and more investment.C.Public education will replace it in the future.D.It has helped governments to remove inequality.（2）What does the underlined phrase taking up the slack in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Filling the gap.B.Setting the place.C.Breaking the balance.D.Avoiding the risk.（3）Why has private education been developing rapidly in Vietnam? A.The population in Vietnam is shrinking dramatically.B.Its state education is worse than other developing countries.C.Some people want better education for their children than others.D.The government intends private education to shape young minds.（4）The sentence But private schools also increase inequality. can be put in . A.①B.②C.③D.④（5）What does the author advise governments to do? A.Train school principals.B.Sell vouchers to children.C.learn from private education.D.Fire underperforming teachers.（6）What39。s the author39。s opinion about private education? A.Private education should be based on state education.B.Private education should be targeted at welloff families.C.Governments should prevent the spread of private education.D.Governments should celebrate the popularity of private education.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D（5）C（6）D 【解析】【分析】本文主要論述私人教育在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家不重視，但是發(fā)展中國(guó)家大受歡迎，有些人對(duì)私人教育的發(fā)展不高興，他們認(rèn)為私人教育加劇了不公平性，有些政府甚至阻止其發(fā)展，針對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，作者提出了看法：這種做法是錯(cuò)誤的。人們應(yīng)該歡迎私人教育，并廣泛地傳播它的好處。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中原文this burst of enthusiasm for investing in private education is excellent news for the world.因此答案選擇B。私人教育吸引了越來(lái)越多的投資。但是私立教育加劇了不平等，因此D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。私人教育與公立教育并存，所以答案C錯(cuò)誤。更多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家出現(xiàn)了正在受益，所以A也錯(cuò)誤。故選B。 （2）詞義猜測(cè)題。對(duì)劃線單詞進(jìn)行三句讀,Where cities are growing at unmanageable speed, the private education is taking up the slack. In India the private education now educates nearly half of all children, in Pakistan more than a third, and in both countries the state education is shrinking.印度私人教育現(xiàn)在教育了將近一半的兒童，在巴基斯坦超過(guò)三分之一。公立教育萎縮，私立教育填補(bǔ)空白。故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)定位詞Vietnam找到文中richer people still want better schooling for their children than the masses get. Thus Vietnam, which has an outstanding stateschool system for a poor country, measured by its performance in the OECD39。s PISA test also has the fastestgrowing private ，故選C。 （4）推理判斷題。句子是：但是私人學(xué)校也會(huì)導(dǎo)致不平等。所以加入的段落應(yīng)該更多會(huì)討論私人學(xué)校引發(fā)的不平等。所以我們找到只有第四處符合要求。They tend to sort children by ine, herding richer ones towards better schools that will enhance their already superior life 。 （5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中,建議寫(xiě)在了最后三段Governments should instead focus on improving the public education by mimicking (模仿）the private education39。s ，故選C。 （6）推理判斷題。最后一段作者說(shuō)了Governments should stop behaving as though private education were one of them. It will, rather, increase the chances of finding ：政府應(yīng)該支持私立學(xué)校的發(fā)展以找到解決問(wèn)題的辦法。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和詞義猜測(cè)題三種?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題讀題干回原文找細(xì)節(jié)；推理判斷題結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行正向或逆向推測(cè)；詞義猜測(cè)題結(jié)合上下句和本句推斷答案。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 New study shows that when teachers participate in a training program focused on prosocial (親社會(huì)的) classroom behavior, their students are better able to control their emotions, and that children who can regulate emotions are more likely to be academically successful. For the study, which appears in Prevention Science, researchers looked at more than 100 teachers and 1,817 students from kindergarten to third grade to see if teachers could support students39。 emotional and behavioral growth through the Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management (IYTCM) program. The program uses videos and training sessions, along with roleplaying and coaching, to help teachers learn management skills such as using behaviorspecific praise, building positive relationships with students, and considering how to reduce poor behavior. Teachers in the training group increased interactions with s