【正文】 her so they can be used by a puter program. The puter program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that es from schools, social media sites（社交媒體網(wǎng)站）, panies and governments. One set of data can have people39。s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the puter. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need more help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one pany uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream. Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he, she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong. How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the puter programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.（1）This reading is about ______. A.what big data is and how it is usedB.what schools and hospitals people likeC.where important data is collected and storedD.how big data is controlled by governments and panies（2）One pany uses weather information to ______. A.help children in needB.know when people will visit the hospitalC.find out who tides the bus or trainD.understand when people will need ice cream（3）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is ____. A.big data can be used for good reasonsB.we can use big data in a number of waysC.big data can be used for both good and bad reasonsD.we can use big data to stop babies from getting sick（4）The overall tone （總基調(diào)） of this reading is _________. A.sad and personalB.personal and scientificC.informative but sillyD.scientific and informative【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章大意：這篇文章主要講的是什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及如何使用它。 （1）主旨大意題，根據(jù)文章第一段第一句Big data （數(shù)據(jù)） is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a puter program. 和第二段第一句Big data can be used in many ，大數(shù)據(jù)是將許多信息集合在一起，以便計(jì)算機(jī)程序使用，而且大數(shù)據(jù)可以以多種方式使用。由此可知，這篇文章主要講的是什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及如何使用它。故選Ａ。 （２）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句For example, one pany uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice ，一家公司使用天氣數(shù)據(jù)來查看人們什么時候吃的冰激凌最多。故選Ｄ。 （３）段落大意題，根據(jù)文章第三段第一句Big data can be used for good data can also be used for bad ，大數(shù)據(jù)既可以用于良性的改善救助，也可以用于預(yù)防惡性的行為。故選C。 （4）推理判斷題，這篇文章主要講的是什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及如何使用它。而且文章使用了很多例子，讓讀者更容易理解。整篇文章具有科學(xué)性且信息豐富，具有教育意義。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、段落大意題和主旨題常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；段落大意題是通讀整段，找出主題句；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．閱讀理解 Bikesharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service pany provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smartphone and left anywhere in public. Bikesharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily. In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharingbikes. It39。s very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smartphone. First, you have to download such an app on your smartphone. Then what you need to do is find a nearest hike through the app, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What39。s more, the greatest advantage of hike sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn39。t cost so much, does it? At the same time, some people park the hikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don39。t value the bikes. Now service panies are trying to solve the problems like being stolen. Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use. （1）From the first paragraph, we know ______. A.bikesharing is invented in ChinaB.sharingbikes are used by some peopleC.most people in cities don t driveD.sharingbikes can be borrowed anywhere（2）II you want to use a sharingbike, you must _________ first. A.have a smartphone and download an appB.download an app and pay for the tripC.unlock the bike and download an appD.find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A.Bikesharing is very cheap.B.Sharingbikes may be stolen.C.Sharingbikes are easy to unlock.D.Bikesharing is a kind of green transport.（4）The passage probably es from a ________. A.science textbookB.tourist guideC.website news reportD.restaurant menu【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】