【正文】 60。B.The whole system of the whale.C.Things found in the whale39。s body.D.Many different tools of whaling.（3）What does Blatchley think of plastic pollution in the Philippines? A.Unmon.B.Worrying.C.Inspiring.D.Mild.（4）What is the best title for the text? A.A Whale Found Dead of PlasticB.Stand Up for Protecting WhalesC.Plastic Threatening Our ExistenceD.Natural Death or Merciless Murder【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，一只鯨魚因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，這引發(fā)了人們對海洋塑料污染的擔(dān)憂。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“he was not prepared for the amount of plastic they found in the whale39。s stomach”可知，布拉奇利在鯨魚的胃里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量的塑料，他對此毫無準(zhǔn)備，這是他意想不到的，由此可知，布拉奇利對他的發(fā)現(xiàn)感到震驚，故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In the ing days, the museum will display all the items found in the whale39。s system.”可知，在鯨魚體內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西將在這座自然博物館中展出，故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If we keep going this way, it will be more unmon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic,”可知，布拉奇利說如果我們繼續(xù)這樣下去，動物因吃塑料死亡的情況比自然死亡更為常見，由此可知，他對菲律賓的塑料污染很擔(dān)憂，故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文主要講述了一只鯨魚因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，這引發(fā)了人們對塑料污染的擔(dān)憂，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most. The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. What is a lexicographer? Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. What do you guys do all day? Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition. Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It39。s very, very quiet on the editorial floor. How closely do the most lookedup words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends? Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most lookedup words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us173。dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do? A.They collect as many words as they can and edit them into a dictionary.B.They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C.They do research about language and edit the truth about words.D.They make deep studies of social and cultural trends.（2）What39。s the function of lexicographers39。 records during their reading? A.The records show how large the dictionary is.B.The records contain what kind of things they read.C.The records are the main things to add to the database.D.The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word? a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A.adbcB.dbacC.bdcaD.cbda（4）What does this passage mainly talk about? A.Observers of the language.B.Process of making a dictionary.C.Development of language.D.Experience of editing new words.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述的是語言的觀察者——詞典編纂者。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What is a lexicographer?中Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me.(詞典編纂者是編寫或編輯詞典的人。詞典編輯的工作是準(zhǔn)備和提出關(guān)于語言的研究。我們的一位前主編說:說出關(guān)于文字的真相，這就是我的總結(jié)。)可知，詞曲編纂者研究語言，編輯關(guān)于文字的真相。故選C。 （2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)What do you guys do all day?中What we39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions.（我們要找