【正文】 。happiness and biological evolutionC.immune function and healthD.optimism and length of life（3）What can be concluded from Robert Trivers39。 study? A.Younger people adopt strategies of handling tense situations from everyday life.B.Our ancestors evolved their immune systems in fighting against fierce animals.C.Realizing that their days are numbered, older people prefer being positive.D.Being negative drains energy from our body, lowering resistance to disease.（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A.Brain, muscles and immune systemB.Age, health and happinessC.Ancestors, emergency and evolutionD.Energy, effort and response【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明，老年人往往會(huì)記住生活中積極的事物，而不是消極的事物。十年前作者與生物學(xué)家羅伯特特里弗斯合作研究身體是如何使用能量的，他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)解釋了這一現(xiàn)象。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“We have an enormous number of immune cells coursing through our body, a momentary break from production is fine. So, when our body needs extra energy, one of the places it goes is our immune function.”可知我們的身體里有大量的免疫細(xì)胞，暫時(shí)停止運(yùn)作是可以的。因此，當(dāng)我們的身體需要額外的能量時(shí)，（我們的身體）會(huì)去找免疫系統(tǒng)。由此可以推斷，免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)暫時(shí)停止來為身體提供額外的能量。選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的 being more focused on the positive things in life in an effort to enhance their immune functioning. 可知老人們更加關(guān)注生活中積極的事物，是為了增強(qiáng)他們的免疫功能。也就是說積極與免疫功能之間有關(guān)系，越積極，免疫功能越強(qiáng)，就能活得越久，所有選項(xiàng)中D項(xiàng)（樂觀與壽命）之間最切題，故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的As a result, our immune system evolved to run in maximum amounts when we39。re happy, but to slow down dramatically when we39。re not.可知當(dāng)我們快樂時(shí)，我們的免疫系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化到最大程度，但是當(dāng)我們不快樂時(shí)，免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)減弱。由此推斷，消極會(huì)消耗我們身體的能量，降低對疾病的抵抗力。選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。作者開頭提出老年人更關(guān)注積極的事情，后文提到積極的情緒會(huì)增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)，所以本文主要講的是年齡，健康與積極的情緒之間的關(guān)系，選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland39。s past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of mon flies in it, record two interglacial periods(間冰期)in northwest Greenland. Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there, Axford said. We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (遷徙). This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland39。s sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland39。s ice sheet might respond to manmade global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world, said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today, said Axford. People might be surprised to see how today39。s Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica39。s ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland39。s ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sealevel rise. Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.（1）Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs? serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland. were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud. are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought. help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.（2）The new information about Greenland is important because______________. have no idea how to measure Greenland39。s warming speed can help researchers better predict Greenland39。s response to warming should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with manmade global warming（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? is easier for today39。s scientists to find ancient lake deposits. are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today. measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud. holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.（4）Which do you think is the best title of the passage? Used to Be Much Greener Once Experienced Warm Periods Cities Warned of Coming Disasters Greenland, A Perfect Destination【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在古代沉積物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一條微小線索揭開了格陵蘭島過去和未來氣候的大秘密。就在廣闊的格陵蘭冰原的西北邊緣，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了在最后一個(gè)冰河時(shí)代幸存下來的湖泥。現(xiàn)在研究人員認(rèn)為，格陵蘭北部的冰蓋經(jīng)歷了比之前認(rèn)為的更強(qiáng)烈的變暖。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“The mud, and remains of mon flies in it, record two interglacial periods（間冰期）in northwest Greenland.”在格陵蘭島西北部，泥漿和常見蒼蠅的殘骸記錄了兩次間冰期；以及第二段中的“Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—exp