【正文】 ise. many sugary soft drinks. the same food as the adults.（3）What is another disease tending to be younger according to Paragraph 4? . stone. disease. attack.（4）What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? laws of health. to cut down on salt. diet. amount of salt we need.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了鹽對心臟有影響的原因，以及人們在日常生活中保持低鹽的生活方式。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Heat attack has long been considered a grownup problem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you39。re young can lead to health problems later. ”長期以來，心臟病被認(rèn)為是成年人的問題，但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，鹽開始影響兒童。年輕時(shí)吃太多咸的食物會導(dǎo)致以后的健康問題；以及第三段中的“A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to bee a grownup with high blood pressure.”一個(gè)有高血壓的孩子更有可能成為一個(gè)有高血壓的成年人，可知，文章作者特別擔(dān)心孩子食用過咸的食物導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Reducing salt might also help stop childhood obesity (肥胖). British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. ”減少鹽可能有助于阻止兒童長胖。英國的研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)吃鹽少的孩子喝的含糖飲料也更少，可知，作者認(rèn)為吃多鹽食品和喝過多含糖的軟飲料也會使孩子長胖。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“A recent study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.”最近一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越多的美國孩子正在患腎結(jié)石。這種痛苦的病通常只在40歲以上的人才患，現(xiàn)在五歲的孩子也在遭受這種疾病，可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在腎結(jié)石這種病正在變得年輕化。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第五段中的“The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments(調(diào)味品). You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. ”減少鈉攝入量的最好方法是逐漸改變。先在晚餐中加入平時(shí)一半的食鹽。食用新鮮食品而非罐裝或者瓶裝食品。少放些調(diào)味品。你可能也要閱讀營養(yǎng)標(biāo)簽?？芍径翁峁┝艘恍┛梢詼p少食鹽攝入量的方法。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Parents who have books in the home increase the level of education their children will attain(獲得), whether rich or poor, according to a 20year study led by Mariah Evans. For years, educators have thought the strongest predictor(預(yù)示物) of attaining high levels of education was having parents who were highly educated. But, the study showed that the difference between being raised in a bookless home pared to being raised in a home with a 500book library has as great an effect on the level of education a child will attain as the difference between having parents who are barely literate (有文化的) and having parents who have a university education. Being a sociologist, Evans was particularly interested to find that children of lesseducated parents benefit the most from having books in the home. What kinds of investments should we make to help these kids get ahead? The results of this study indicate that getting some books into their homes is an inexpensive way that we can help these children succeed. Evans said, Even a little bit goes a long way. Having as few as 20 books in the home still has a significant impact on motivating a child to a higher level of education, and the more books you add, the greater benefit the children get. The researchers were struck by the strong effect having books in the home had on children39。s educational attainment even above and beyond such factors as education level of the parents, the father39。s occupation or the economic level of the country. Having books in the home is twice as important as the father39。s education level, and more important than whether a child was brought up in a developing country or a developed country. Surprisingly, the difference in educational attainment for children born in a developed country and children born in a developing country was just 2 years, less than twothirds of the effect that having 500 or more books in the home had on children.（1）In the past educators held a point of view that ______ . A.children whose family had a library would possibly attain high levels of educationB.children who were born in poor families studied harder than those in rich familiesC.children whose parents are highly educated would attain high levels of educationD.parents39。 level of education had nothing to do with their children39。s levels of education（2）What does the underlined word motivating in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Making somebody want to do something.B.Helping somebody to finish somethingC.Making somebody pretend to do something.D.Preventing somebody from achieving something.（3）Which of the following has the most important effect on the level of education a child will gain? A.The economic level of the country.B.The father39。s occupation.C.Education levels of parents.D.Having books in the home.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了影響孩子教育水平的因素，告訴我們家里有書對孩子的重要性勝于家長受過高等教育的影響。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“For years, educators have thought the strongest predictor(預(yù)示物) of attaining high levels of education was having parents who were highly educated”. 多年來，教育工作者一直認(rèn)為，預(yù)示孩子能獲取高教育水平的最強(qiáng)的因素莫過于有受過高等教育的父母”。可知，過去教育家們認(rèn)為受過高等教育的父母的孩子將獲得高水平的教育。故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測。文章第二、三段一直說家中有書對孩子的積極影響。再根據(jù)第三段中的“Even a little bit goes a long way. ...the greater benefit the children get” 即使是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)書，也能大有幫助......你家的書越多，孩子得到的好處就越大。”可知，書對孩子有很大影響。所以劃線詞的句子“Having as few as 20 books in the home still has a significant impact on motivating a child to a higher level of education”這句話是說“ 即使家里只有20本書，在激勵孩子接受更高層次的教育方面仍然有很大的影響”。所以，家中有書可以激勵孩子獲得更高層次的教育水平。由此可推斷出劃線詞的意思是“使某人想做某事”。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“The researchers were struck by the strong effect having books in the home had on children39。s educational attainment even above and beyond such factors as education level of the parents, the father39。s occupation or the economic level of the country.” 研究者們感到震驚的是，在家里看書對孩子的受教育程度的影響甚至超過了父母的受教育程度、父親的職業(yè)或國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平等因素的影響。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和詞義猜測兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理